Long-term Monitoring of Health Inequalities: Headline Indicators - October 2013

Annual update of the 'Long-term Monitoring of Health Inequalities' headline indicators.


Cancer incidence by type

Incidence rates by income employment index decile are also available for cancer of the prostate (males only), cancer of the breast (females only), cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung, and colorectal cancer.

Prostate cancer incidence rate (males only) aged under 75 years

Prostate cancer incidence has increased steadily over time, with 68 new cases per 100,000 population in 2011 compared to 47 per 100,000 in 1996. Higher rates are observed in the least deprived areas, though this may be in part due to higher rates of testing in more affluent areas[6]. In 2011, the incidence rate was 89 per 100,000 in the least deprived areas, compared to 62 in the most deprived areas. Relative inequality has remained low and stable throughout the period 1996 to 2011.

Prostate cancer incidence trend tables

Scale/context

Number of new cases

Target population size

Rate per 100,000 (EASR)

1996

1,214

2,334,645

47.4

1997

1,035

2,326,799

40.0

1998

1,113

2,321,135

42.8

1999

1,168

2,316,272

45.2

2000

1,176

2,309,161

45.1

2001

1,306

2,307,518

49.9

2002

1,508

2,302,861

57.2

2003

1,555

2,303,500

57.8

2004

1,735

2,312,162

64.2

2005

1,628

2,318,998

59.6

2006

1,719

2,328,834

62.3

2007

1,776

2,341,374

63.4

2008

1,901

2,352,729

66.5

2009

2,025

2,364,326

69.7

2010

1,912

2,375,256

65.2

2011

2,013

2,388,856

67.7

Inequalities

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
RII 0.49 0.38 0.32 0.35 0.58 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.25 0.32 0.41 0.46 0.37 0.41 0.27 0.35
Most deprived decile rate 39.4 29.1 38.8 42.4 36.4 38.6 49.5 44.4 57.4 58.4 56.3 51.0 59.3 56.4 57.8 62.1
Least deprived decile rate 55.8 48.0 49.4 59.7 59.1 64.4 73.5 77.7 71.2 82.5 80.7 77.1 82.7 90.3 81.8 89.1
Absolute range 16.4 18.9 10.6 17.3 22.7 25.8 24.1 33.3 13.9 24.1 24.4 26.1 23.4 34.0 24.0 27.0

The RII value has been italicised to indicate years in which higher incidence rates were observed in less deprived areas.

Breast cancer incidence rate (females only) aged under 75 years

Breast cancer incidence has increased throughout the period 1996 to 2011 (99 new cases per 100,000 population in 1996, compared to 119 per 100,000 in 2011). Incidence is more common in the least deprived areas, which ties in with evidence regarding the higher prevalence of certain breast cancer risk factors, such as lower parity, in more affluent populations[7]. However, the difference between rates in the most deprived and least deprived areas has consistently been low, narrowing to 10 new cases per 100,000 in 2011. Despite consistently low levels, there has been fluctuation in both relative and absolute inequalities with no clear pattern.

Breast cancer incidence trend tables

Scale/context

Number of new cases

Target population size

Rate per 100,000 (EASR)

1996

2,560

2,420,261

99.3

1997

2,654

2,413,470

102.7

1998

2,749

2,408,840

104.6

1999

2,848

2,405,026

108.4

2000

2,899

2,399,506

109.9

2001

2,736

2,396,143

102.3

2002

2,828

2,387,647

105.4

2003

2,976

2,387,103

108.8

2004

3,071

2,394,760

110.8

2005

3,089

2,399,405

109.8

2006

3,189

2,405,842

112.3

2007

3,189

2,414,589

111.8

2008

3,306

2,422,592

114.0

2009

3,386

2,431,153

116.2

2010

3,496

2,441,209

118.4

2011

3,558

2,452,870

119.0

Inequalities

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
RII 0.29 0.06 0.23 0.22 0.17 0.12 0.17 0.23 0.02 0.26 0.01 0.16 0.15 0.25 0.15 0.08
Most deprived decile rate 80.7 101.3 104.9 102.7 97.6 98.4 100.4 89.1 111.6 91.1 100.3 106.2 98.5 105.1 122.9 109.5
Least deprived decile rate 108.7 107.9 124.6 124.7 109.1 111.4 109.2 115.9 116.8 119.8 111.1 136.0 113.6 124.6 131.4 119.2
Absolute range 28.1 6.6 19.7 22.0 11.5 13.0 8.8 26.8 5.1 28.7 10.7 29.8 15.1 19.6 8.5 9.7

The RII value has been italicised to indicate years in which higher incidence rates were observed in less deprived areas.

Cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung incidence rate aged under 75 years

Having fallen between 1996 and 2001, cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung incidence rates have been stable (the 2011 rate, 47 new cases per 100,000 population, is the lowest recorded throughout this period). Levels of both absolute and relative inequality have also remained stable, with higher incidence rates observed in the most deprived areas. In 2011, the incidence rate in the most deprived areas was more than four times higher than in the least deprived areas (93 new cases per 100,000 population, compared to 21 per 100,000).

Cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung incidence trend tables

Scale/context

Number of new cases

Target population size

Rate per 100,000 (EASR)

1996

3,295

4,754,906

60.7

1997

3,063

4,740,269

56.1

1998

3,090

4,729,975

56.3

1999

2,869

4,721,298

52.0

2000

2,877

4,708,667

52.1

2001

2,797

4,703,661

50.4

2002

2,920

4,690,508

51.9

2003

2,810

4,690,603

49.4

2004

2,890

4,706,922

50.6

2005

2,850

4,718,403

49.3

2006

2,890

4,734,676

49.7

2007

2,935

4,755,963

49.9

2008

2,935

4,775,321

49.1

2009

3,020

4,795,479

49.7

2010

2,947

4,816,465

48.0

2011

2,938

4,841,726

47.2

Inequalities

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
RII 1.39 1.30 1.36 1.41 1.31 1.29 1.42 1.59 1.44 1.53 1.57 1.56 1.63 1.57 1.64 1.52
Most deprived decile rate 112.7 99.7 99.9 95.5 91.4 91.4 96.7 96.7 99.9 89.5 105.6 101.2 100.4 102.1 99.4 93.3
Least deprived decile rate 27.3 25.2 23.6 22.1 25.8 21.6 24.2 18.3 24.4 21.8 25.2 22.2 22.2 23.0 22.6 20.8
Absolute range 85.4 74.5 76.3 73.4 65.6 69.8 72.6 78.4 75.5 67.7 80.4 79.0 78.2 79.1 76.8 72.5

Colorectal cancer incidence rate aged under 75 years

Incidence of colorectal cancer, at between 35 to 40 new cases per 100,000 population since 1996, has been stable over time. However, despite consistently low levels of both relative and absolute inequality, there has been variation in which areas are seeing the highest rates. In 2011, there was more incidence in the most deprived areas (48 new cases per 100,000 population, compared to 32 per 100,000 in the least deprived areas). In some years (e.g. 2005), slightly higher incidence has been observed in the least deprived areas, while in others (e.g. 1998) the difference between rates in the most and least deprived areas has been negligible.

Colorectal cancer incidence trend tables

Scale/context

Number of new cases

Target population size

Rate per 100,000 (EASR)

1996

2,154

4,754,906

40.0

1997

1,968

4,740,269

36.6

1998

2,026

4,729,975

37.5

1999

1,996

4,721,298

36.7

2000

2,127

4,708,667

38.8

2001

2,125

4,703,661

38.8

2002

2,027

4,690,508

36.7

2003

2,003

4,690,603

35.8

2004

2,006

4,706,922

35.5

2005

1,994

4,718,403

34.8

2006

2,043

4,734,676

35.5

2007

2,096

4,755,963

36.1

2008

2,333

4,775,321

39.5

2009

2,349

4,795,479

39.3

2010

2,398

4,816,465

39.6

2011

2,448

4,841,726

40.2

Inequalities

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
RII 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.02 0.11 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.22 0.08 0.12 0.31 0.06 0.19 0.13 0.38
Most deprived decile rate 45.6 37.3 34.6 36.1 36.7 42.1 37.8 32.7 41.2 33.0 38.4 41.4 40.1 41.5 40.7 47.7
Least deprived decile rate 35.6 34.4 34.0 38.1 37.0 45.4 35.2 33.1 33.0 38.6 34.6 28.4 39.6 35.5 35.7 31.9
Absolute range 10.0 2.9 0.6 2.1 0.3 3.3 2.6 0.3 8.1 5.6 3.9 12.9 0.5 6.0 5.1 15.8

The RII value has been italicised to indicate years in which higher incidence rates were observed in less deprived areas.

Contact

Email: Craig Kellock

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