Footnotes
[1] The local area was defined as the area within 15 minutes walk of the respondent's home.
[2] The 2008/09 and 2009/10 Main Findings reports and related publications are available on the 'publications' section of the SCJS website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Crime-Justice/Publications/publications.
[3] For further explanation of terminology used in this report with regard to crimes refer to Annex 3.
[4] Fieldwork in 2010/11 took place over 10 months compared with the 12 month period to undertake the surveys in 2008/09 and 2009/10.
[5] The Technical Report, providing a detailed technical account of the design and implementation of the survey and details of the data outputs produced from it is available on the Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Crime-Justice/Publications/publications.
[6] Further detail of the coverage of the SCJS is provided in Annexes 2 and 3 of this report and in the accompanying Technical Report.
[7] The sample size was 16,003 in 2008/09; 16,036 in 2009/10 and 13,010 in 2009/10. Additional stratification at Local Authority level in 2009/10 increased the disproportion within the design. Fieldwork in 2010/11 took place over 10 months compared with the 12 month period to undertake the surveys in 2008/09 and 2009/10. The Technical Report provides further information on the differences between the surveys.
[8] Available on the Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Crime-Justice/Publications/publications.
[9] These reports are available from December 2011 (sexual victimisation and partner abuse) and January 2012 (illicit drug use) on the 'publications' section of the survey website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Crime-Justice/Publications/publications.
[10] UK Data Archive website: http://www.data-archive.ac.uk/.
[11] Chapter 1 provides further details of the changes made to the SCJS and discusses the reasons caution should be used when comparing the results from the SCJS 2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11 with previous Scottish crime surveys. Previous Scottish crime survey reports are available on the Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Research/by-topic/crime-and-justice/crime-and-justice-survey/publications.
[12] Wherever crime groups are shown in the figures included in this report they are colour-coded consistently to aid recognition.
[13] Annex 1 provides confidence intervals for the incidence of all SCJS crime and other crime groups.
[14] Definitions for the groups of crimes used in this report can be found in Annex 3.
[15] Incidence variables (listed based on Figure 2.1 clockwise from top) are in the Respondent File SPSS: incproperty incvand, incallmvtheft, inchousebreak, incotherhousetheftcycle, incperstheft, incviolent, incassault, incrob.
[16] Confidence intervals for the total number of crimes have not been calculated for estimates produced before the 2006 survey. Those shown are based on a 95% level of confidence (see Annex 4 for further details).
[17] The year of the surveys refer to the fieldwork period. However, the data in the chart is displayed based on the survey reference periods.
[18] Changes are described as apparent as confidence intervals were not available for all previous surveys.
[19] The year of the surveys refer to the fieldwork period. However, the data in the chart is displayed based on the survey reference periods.
[20] Definitions for the groups of crimes used in this report can be found in Annex 3. Incidence variables are in the Respondent File SPSS: incvand, incallmvtheft, inchousebreak, incotherhousetheftcycle, incperstheft, incassault, incrob.
[21] Annex 3 and Annex 5 provide a breakdown of all the crime groups used in this report including comparable crime. Acquisitive crime includes housebreaking, theft of a vehicle and theft of a bicycle.
[22] The definition of violence differs between the SCJS and police recorded crime. Minor assault is not included in the recorded crime category of 'non-sexual crimes of violence' but is counted in miscellaneous offences. In the SCJS, minor assault is included in the estimates of violent crime.
[23] Definitions for the groups of crimes used in this report can be found in Annex 3.
[24] Crime reported to the police covers all crime the police came to know about, including incidents reported by the respondent or someone else, and incidents where the police were there at the time of the incident or found out in some other way.
[25] Further information on the method and design of the survey is provided in Annex 2.
[26] Annex 6 provides further information on the differences in offence coding between BCS and SCJS.
[27] An incidence rate of, for example, 578 for assault does not mean that 578 adults per 10,000 will necessarily be the victim of assault, rather that there will be 578 separate incidents of assault experienced within the 10,000 as a whole ( i.e. some adults may experience more than one incident of assault). Incidence rates are calculated using households or adults according to the type of crime ( see Annex 3).
[28] The SCJS differs from the BCS in that the SCJS prioritises coding assault over crimes such as damage or theft when both crime types occur in a single incident. Further details are presented in Annex 6.
[29] Definitions for the groups of crimes used in this report can be found in Annex 3. Incidence variables are in the Respondent File SPSS: incvand, incallmvtheft, inchousebreak, incotherhousetheftcycle, incperstheft, incassault, incrob. Incident rates are calculated using the number of households or adults according to the type of crime ( see Annex 3).
[30] Housebreaking in Scotland was compared with burglary in England and Wales. The definition of burglary in England and Wales as measured by the BCS and the definition of housebreaking in Scotland as measured by the SCJS differ in two ways; the offender's mode of entry and the intention of the offender. Further details are presented in Annex 6.
[31] Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms.
[32] Annex 1 provides estimates for the range of values (known as the confidence interval) for the rate of victimisation for all SCJS crime and the groupings of crimes used in this report.
[33] http://scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms/indicators/victimisationRates
[34] Property crime includes a mixture of crimes committed against households and against adults. Prevalence (or risk of being a victim) of property crime was calculated in this report as a percentage of adults experiencing at least one property crime. If prevalence had been calculated as a percentage of households experiencing at least one property crime, this would have given a prevalence of 15.9%. The risk to sub-groups within property crime are calculated as a percentage of households or adults according to whether they include only crimes committed against households or only crimes committed against adults. Where the crime group includes a mixture of crimes committed against households and against adults this is calculated as the percentage of adults.
[35] Definitions for the groups of crimes used in this report can be found in Annex 3. Prevalence variables are in the Respondent File SPSS: prevproperty, prevvand, prevallmvtheft, prevhousebreak, prevotherhousetheftcycle, prevperstheft, prevviolent, prevassault, prevrob.
[36] As measured by the 2009 Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation ( SIMD): http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/SIMD.
[37] Base: property crime 2,285; vandalism 1,198; all motor vehicle theft related incidents 307; housebreaking 120; other household theft (including bicycle theft) 725; personal theft (excluding robbery) 289; violent crime 446.
[38] Repeat victim variables are in the Respondent File SPSS: repproperty; repallvand, repallmvtheft, rephousebreak, repotherhousetheftcycle, repperstheft, repviolent. Weighting variables used are WGTGHHD for all crime groups except property crime (as it is a mixture of household and personal crime), personal theft (excluding robbery) and violent crime, where WGTGINDIV is used.
[39] The average number of crimes per repeat victim was calculated using only the first five incidents in series victimisations, which means this average number may underestimate the actual average among repeat victims ( Annex 3).
[40] In the SCJS in 2010/11, 29 violent crimes were identified where property was damaged and 15 where property was stolen. Owing to the low unweighted base sizes these are not reported here.
[41] See Annex 3 for further details of how serious assault is defined.
[42] While the results discussed in this section are about advice and support provided from any organisation, not just the police, they are an important mechanism for referring victims to organisations and services which provide advice and support. As will be seen in section 5.4, 39% of crime was reported to the police as measured in 2010/11.
[43] Sexual victimisation was not recorded specifically in the SCJS 2010/11 victim form. The SCJS collected information about sexual victimisation in the self-completion section of the questionnaire. The results obtained are published in a separate volume.
[44] The unweighted base size for police liaison officers was 75 and for Victim Support Scotland was 48. This means the estimates shown are subject to large confidence intervals and should be used with caution.
[45] Crime reported to the police covers all crime the police came to know about, including incidents reported by the respondent or someone else, and incidents where the police were there at the time of the incident or found out in some other way.
[46] Definitions for the groups of crimes used in this report can be found in Annex 3. Incidence variables are in the Respondent File SPSS: incsurveycrime; incproperty; incvand, incallmvtheft, inchousebreak, incotherhousetheftcycle, incperstheft, incviolent.
[47] Chapter 4 provides information on the percentages of victims who thought what happened to them was a crime, wrong, but not a crime, or just something that happens.
[48] All other reasons were mentioned in four per cent or fewer incidents and are not shown in Table 2.
[49] All other reasons were mentioned in three per cent or fewer reported crimes and are not shown in Figure 5.3.
[50] All other reasons were mentioned in fewer than 10% of crime in either group and are not shown in Table 4.
[51] The local area was defined as the area within 15 minutes walk of the respondent's home.
[52] Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms.
[53] Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms.
[54] The local area was defined as the area within 15 minutes walk of the respondent's home.
[55] As measured by the 2009 Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation ( SIMD):
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/SIMD.
[56] Respondents were asked how worried they were about the crime happening not how worried they would be if the crime happened.
[57] It should be noted that the perceived risk of being a victim of housebreaking is based on the respondent's personal view, though the actual risk shown is the percentage risk (prevalence) of housebreaking happening to a household.
[58] Prevalence variables (listed based on Figure 6.10 top to bottom) are in the Respondent File SPSS: prevmotovvand, prevhousebreak, prevassault, prevrob, prevpropvand, prevtheftfrommv, prevtheftofmv.
[59] As discussed in Chapter 2, actual prevalence (risk) may have been underestimated because the incident did not result in loss to the individual experiencing it or due to lack of awareness of the crime.
[60] 71 respondents answering Module B said they were in the police, or they were married to or lived with a serving police officer and were not asked the remaining questions covering attitudes to police in the local area; police presence in the local area and being stopped and asked questions by the police.
[61] As measured by the 2009 Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation ( SIMD): http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/SIMD.
[62] Where respondents had been stopped more than once, they were asked about the last time this had happened in the follow-up questions reported below.
[63] Other reasons were given by 10% or fewer respondents and are not reported here.
[64] Other reasons were given by 11% or fewer respondents and are not reported here. The low unweighted base size for respondents being stopped when on foot or on a bicycle (90) means the estimates might vary from the 'real' percentages by a relatively large amount and should be used with caution.
[65] 'The problems to which the principles of civil law apply today are not abstract legal problems. They are not problems familiar only to lawyers, or discussed only in tribunals and civil courts. They are for the most part the problems of everyday life - the problems people face as constituents of a broad civil society' (Pleasance et al., 2004).
[66] Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/scotPerforms/outcomes.
[67] Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2008/11/20103815/0.
[68] Accountant in Bankruptcy website: http://www.aib.gov.uk/About/DAF/DebtActionForumFinalRepo.
[69] Civil law problems experienced in the last three years by fewer than 100 respondents are not reported here and therefore immigration problems (with a base size of 21) is excluded.
[70] 11% in total had received help from a range of other sources which are not shown here.
[71] In 2003 the definition of housebreaking was changed to mirror more accurately the Scottish police recorded crime definition of domestic housebreaking by including housebreakings to non-dwellings (such as sheds, garages and outhouses) which are directly connected to the dwelling. As a result, the definition of housebreaking used in this report is the same as the definition used in the 2003, 2006, 2008/09 and 2010/11 reports but differs from the definition used in previous reports.
[72] Readers will therefore note that the same data for vandalism and violent crime is displayed twice in these tables, once under the 'all SCJS crime' heading and again under the 'comparable crime' heading. Acquisitive crime includes housebreaking, theft of a motor vehicle and bicycle theft and is a separate crime group used only in this report with reference to police recorded crime ( Annex 3).
[73] Details of the 2007-2008 Scottish Government Urban Rural Classification used in this survey can be found at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/233802/0063988.pdf.
[74] Scottish Government survey website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/scjs. The ESDS Archive's website: http://www.esds.ac.uk/..
[75] Respondents were given the option to refuse the self-completion questionnaire so not all 13,010 respondents to the main survey completed it. The findings from the self-completion section of the survey are reported in a series of separate reports.
[76] However, despite the fact that these incidents are not included in the analysis, for the sake of simplicity during the interview, respondents were also asked about incidents which happened in the period of time between the start of the reference period and the date of interview (the wording of the victim form screener questions follow the format " Since the first of <month of start of reference period>, …". In the example above, details of incidents which occurred in the month of interview ( i.e. the 15 days of September 2010) would also be recorded by the interviewer. These incidents do not form part of the survey estimates of crime.
[77] Further details can be found in Chapter 1 of this report and in the accompanying Technical Report.
[78] The reports on sexual victimisation will be published in December and will be available on the publications section of the survey website:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Crime-Justice/Publications/publications.
[79] Housebreaking and attempted housebreaking in a dwelling includes connected domestic garages outhouses and sheds.
[80] On the 1 st April 2011 the General Register Office for Scotland ( GROS) was amalgamated with the National Archives of Scotland to form the National Records of Scotland ( NRS). The NRS website is:
http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk
[81] Data rounded to the nearest 50 and available from the NRS website:
http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/theme/index.html.
[82] Variables in the SPSS data files will be prefaced by inc for incidence variables and prev for prevalence variables.
[83] The calibration weighting procedure used for SCJS, is known as 'rim weighting'. The factors used in the rim weighting are known as rims.
[84] The statistical bulletin for police recorded crime in Scotland for 2009/10 is available from the Scottish Government website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2010/09/07084606/0.
[85] If a theft occurred in this instance, it would be included in the other household theft crime group.