The Scottish Government

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ISBN 978 0 7559 9105 1 (Web only publication)
This document is also available in pdf format (1.2mb)

Contents

Ministerial Foreword

PART 1 STRATEGIC CONTEXT

1 Introduction and Strategic Context

2 Current Trends in Energy Usage

3 Barriers to Improving Energy Efficiency and Reducing Energy Consumption

4 Energy Efficiency Targets & Issues around Data and Monitoring

PART 2 ENERGY EFFICIENCY ACROSS SECTORS

5 Changing Attitudes and Behaviours

6 Making Scotland's Homes more Energy Efficient - Strategic Issues

7 Making Scotland's Existing Homes more Energy Efficient - the Role of the Regulatory Standards for Housing
Options for the Private Rented Sector
Future Options for the Home Energy Conservation Act

8 Energy Efficiency in Non-Domestic Buildings and Processes

9 The Public Sector

10 Cross-cutting issues relating to the Built Environment

11 Changing how we use our Transport System

12 Enterprise and Skills
Part 1: Innovation, Investment and Opportunity
Part 2: Developing Skills and Jobs in Energy Efficiency

PART 3 MOVING FORWARD

13 Key Partners and Responsibilities

14 Conclusions and Next Steps

Annexes A - F

A Responding to this Consultation Paper
B Consultation Questions
C Respondent Information Form
D The Scottish Government Consultation Process
E Acronyms
F Summary of European, UK and Britain-wide measures affecting the energy efficiency of housing

List of Figures and Text Boxes

Box 1.1 Energy efficiency and energy productivity
Box 1.2 The National Conversation - Energy Efficiency

Box 2.1 How is energy measured?
Figure 2.1 Mid-year population and household estimates
Figure 2.2 Final UK Energy Consumption by Fuel 1970 -2008
Figure 2.3 Scottish Final Energy Consumption (%) by Demand Sector, 2006
Figure 2.4 Fuel Usage by Final Consuming Sector in Scotland
Figure 2.5 Electricity Generated, Consumed and Exported
Figure 2.6 UK Electricity Consumption by Household Domestic Appliances 1970-2008
Figure 2.7 Energy consumption by transport mode ( TWh)
Figure 2.8 Emissions and energy levels in road transport by source
Figure 2.9 Number of vehicles licensed in Scotland
Figure 2.10 Change in vehicle kilometres travelled and fuel consumed by road transport in Scotland
Figure 2.11 Change in GDP by sector
Figure 2.12 Indicative Fuel Split in the Industrial Sector
Figure 2.13 Estimated industrial sub-sector share of energy demand
Figure 2.14 UK industrial Energy consumption by fuel
Figure 2.15 Greenhouse gas emissions in Scotland (including international aviation and shipping)
Figure 2.16 CO ₂ emissions and GVA in Scotland

Box 3.1 Structural and market limitations
Box 3.2 Issues of behaviour and motivation
Figure 3.1 Examples of the Rebound Effect
Figure 3.2 Estimates of the Impact of the Rebound Effect

Box 4.1 Why is electricity consumption included in this consultation?
Box 4.2 Focusing on one policy driver only would mean focusing early action in different households
Figure 4.1 Extract from Climate Change Delivery Plan, showing emissions reductions from sectors most relevant to energy efficiency
Figure 4.2 Households in Fuel Poverty 1996-2007 (% and Confidence Intervals)
Figure 4.3 UK Energy Efficiency Action Plan - estimated energy and carbon dioxide savings
Figure 4.4 Possible Scottish energy efficiency targets based on proportions of UK ambition
Figure 4.5 Possible energy efficiency targets for Scotland, providing broad indication By sector based on % savings identified in UK Energy Efficiency Action Plan
Figure 4.6 A marginal Abatement Cost Curve in the non-traded sector
Figure 4.7 Key data issues

Box 5.1 Key Scottish Government Research on Behaviour Change
Box 5.2 GoGreener Campaign Steps
Box 5.3 Eco-Drive Scotland: a national EST campaign
Box 5.4 Climate Challenge Fund case studies
Box 5.5 Examples of education in sustainable development in Scottish university and college courses
Box 5.5 The GILDED Project

Box 6.1 Sections of Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 affecting energy efficiency in housing
Figure 6.1 Distribution of Energy Use in existing homes in Scotland (total energy estimated at 52,000 with GWh in 2009)
Figure 6. 2 Costs and pay-back of current energy efficiency measures
Figure 6.3 Dwellings by NHER level and CO2 emissions
Figure 6.4 Dwellings by NHER bands by 2002-7
Figure 6.5 CO ₂ emissions reductions from applying energy efficiency measures
Figure 6.6 Measures that would be installed under each scenario
Figure 6.7 Costs and benefits of Scenarios 1 and 2

Box 7.1 Overview of the enabling powers in the Climate Change (Scotland) Act
Box 7.2 Energy Performance Certificates
Box 7.3 The Repairing Standard criteria

Box 8.1 Examples of opportunities in Scotland
Box 8.2 Improving existing building energy efficiency: Mabbett & Associates Ltd
Box 8.3 Carbon Trust Case Study
Box 8.4 Small business loans: H&F Drilling drill down their energy costs
Box 8.5 The fossil fuel energy generation and transmission sector in Scotland
Figure 8.1 UK Prices of Fuels Purchased by Industrial Consumers

Box 10.1 Examples of successful district heating schemes in Scotland

Box 11.1 Transport Energy Pledges
Box 11.2 Smarter Choices Smarter Places
Figure 11.1 Proportion of distanced trips by mode in Scotland, 2005/6

Box 12.1 Example of opportunities in the aerospace sector
Box 12.2 The Energy Technology Centre
Box 12.3 The three stages of the Carbon Trust's Industrial Energy Efficiency Accelerator
Box 12.4 Castle Computer Services
Box 12.5 RMJM
Box 12.6 Scottish Passivhaus Centre ( SPHC)
Box 12.7 Opportunities in transport applications
Box 12.8 Scottish Enterprise support for R&D
Box 12.9 Skills Landscape Scotland
Figure 12.1 Estimate of employment (in full time equivalent years/jobs) sustained by energy efficiency activities

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