Use of Longitudinal Research in the Evaluation of the Scottish Government's National Outcomes

APPENDIX 3: SUMMARIES OF STUDIES ANALYSED BY NATIONAL OUTCOMES

Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings Panel Dataset (formerly New Earnings Survey Panel Dataset) ( ASHEPD)
British Cohort Study ( BCS70)
British Election Panel Study ( BEPS)
British Household Panel Survey ( BHPS)
Children of the 1950s (Aberdeen study)
Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime ( ESYTC)
Families and Children Study ( FACS)
General Household Survey ( GHS)
Go Well Glasgow ( GWG)
Growing Up in Scotland ( GUS)
Healthy Old People in Edinburgh Study ( HOPE)
Inter-Departmental Business Register ( IDBR)
Labour Force Survey ( LFS)
Life Opportunities Survey ( LOS)
Longitudinal Study of Refugees ( LSR)
Millennium Cohort Study ( MCS)
National Child Development Study ( NCDS)
National Study of Health and Growth ( NHSG)
Scottish Continuous Recording System ( SCORE)
Scottish Health, Housing and Regeneration Project ( SHARP)
Scottish Longitudinal Study ( SLS)
Scottish School Leavers Study ( SSLS)
Scottish Survey of Achievement ( SSA - formerly Assessment of Achievement Programme)
UK Household Longitudinal Study ( UKLHS)
Wealth and Assets Survey ( WAS)
Workplace Employee Relations Panel Survey ( WERS)
West of Scotland 11 - 16 & 16+ Study: Teenage Health ( WoS1116)
West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study ( WoS 2007)
Work and Pensions Longitudinal Study ( WPLS)

Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings Panel Dataset (formerly New Earnings Survey Panel Dataset) ( ASHEPD)

Relevant National Outcomes

Related variables and topics

Explanatory variables

Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness

We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people

Job details - occupation and industry, full-time/part-time
Gross weekly and annual earnings
Make-up of total earnings (split between basic pay and other components such as overtime and bonuses)
Hours worked and hourly earnings
Location of home and work - travel to work area
Pension details - type of pension and contributions by employer and employee.
Duration of employment
Change in employment
Change in hours and earnings

At the level of employee:

Sex, full-time/part-time employment, region, occupation, industry, weekly and annual earnings

The Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings ( ASHE), formerly the New Earnings Survey ( NES), is an ongoing statutory survey conducted under the Statistics of Trade Act 1947. Its sample each year comprises employed adults in the UK whose National Insurance ( NI) numbers end with a specified pair of digits.

As the same pair of digits has been used since 1975 the panel dataset comprises data on employees earnings linked by NI number over time. Questionnaires are completed in confidence, on an annual basis by employers on employees.

In any one year, cross-sectional data is available on approximately 170,000 individuals - equivalent to a 1% sample of all those with a National Insurance number. From 1975-1997 information is available on just under 500,000 individuals.

The total Scottish sample is around 12,500 in any one year. However, the number of individuals for whom longitudinal data is available, and the time coverage of that data, is unclear.

Most of the published ASHE analyses relate to full-time employees on adult rates whose earnings for the survey pay period were not affected by absence. They do not include the earnings of those who did not work a full week, and whose earnings were reduced because of sickness, short time

working, etc. Also they do not include the earnings of employees not on adult rates of pay, most of whom will be young people.

We live in a Scotland that is the most attractive place for doing business in Europe

British Cohort Study ( BCS70)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed.	Parental attitudes to schooling, discipline etc. Reading at home Nursery (including preschool) experience, School experience	Age of mother at birth, marital status of mother, employment status of parents, age and sex of cohort member, educational qualifications of parents and child Variables can also be constructed at the household level, or for the parents.	The 1970 British Cohort Study ( BCS70) is a continuing, multi-disciplinary longitudinal study which takes as its subjects a sample of individuals living in England, Scotland and Wales who were born in one particular week in April 1970. Up until 1996, the study was funded by a variety of Government departments, including the Scottish Office. In 2000, BCS70 received half it's funding from a range of Government departments and half from the ESRC. In 2004 the project was solely funded by the ESRC. The initial sample included just under 17,200 babies. Since 1970 there have been six attempts to gather information from the whole cohort (1975, 1980, 1986, 1996, 2000 and 2004). Selected sub-samples have also been studied at various ages. The original Scottish sample comprised 1,617. At the most recent sweep of fieldwork in 2004, around 70% of the original sample were issued (1100 Scottish cases) and overall response was 75%. This would return data on a Scottish sample of around 850 individuals. The future of the study is now more certain following the long-term funding of CLS, who run the study, as an ESRC Resource Centre. The forward plan for BCS proposes follow-ups every 4 years alternating face-to-face and telephone/postal surveys. The 2008 survey is being conducted by telephone/post.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Educational qualifications of parents and child, Nursery (including preschool) experience School experience
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Parental income and employment Age of mother at birth Housing and accommodation Child health and well-being Parental health and well-being Parental health behaviours
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Housing and accomodation (including tenure, amenities, sleeping arrangements)
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Experience of ante-natal care (by mother of cohort child)
We live longer, healthier lives	Smoking during pregnancy for mother Obstetric histories and very detailed pregnancy illness Abnormalities and test results for mother Detailed birth records (including length of each stage of labour and abnormalities), Immunisations received by child aged 5, hospital admissions, operations and medical conditions Accidents Sight and speech difficulties Disabilities
We value and enjoy or built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Housing and accommodation

British Election Panel Study ( BEPS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Suggested explanatory variables	Demographic Controls	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We take pride in a strong, fair and inclusive national identity	Views on Scottish independence and devolution National identity including why people feel Scottish, Scottish vs British identity, religious conflict in Scotland, what makes people proud of Scotland Discrimination (religion, sex and sexuality).	Socio-economic class, age and sex, employment status, relationship status, car ownership, educational qualifications, ethnicity, religion, income	The British Election Panel Study comprised two separate, ESRC-funded panel surveys of a sample of individuals in Britain who were eligible to vote in the 1992 and 1997 General Elections. The panel members were followed throughout the course of the subsequent parliament. The first panel ran from 1992-1997, and the second from 1997-2001. Each included 8 waves of data collection combining face-to-face, telephone and postal surveys. BEPS-1 had an initial sample of 3534 (957 of which were in Scotland) which was diminished to 1924 at the end of the final wave (500 of which were in Scotland). BEPS-2 achieved 3534 initial interviews (882 of which were in Scotland) and 2482 final interviews (including 680 in Scotland). A panel was not established for the 2001 General Election nor any subsequent election.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Voting and apathy among young voters
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Housing and tenure
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Perceptions of the NHS Perceptions about quality of education system
We live our lives safe from crime, disorder and danger	Perceptions of crime

British Household Panel Survey ( BHPS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed.	Technology use at home Family life and parenting Educational qualifications and school experience of children in the household	Place of birth, ethnicity, educational qualifications, employment, marital status, income, socio-economic classification, number of people in the household, number of children, vehicle ownership,	The British Household Panel Survey (or 'Living in Scotland' as the Scottish panel is known) is an ESRC-funded, general purpose longitudinal study of individuals living in private households. Launched in 1991, the study collects data annually by undertaking face-to-face interviews with every adult member (aged 16 or over) in the household. Since 1994, children aged 11-15 in sampled households have also provided data via a self-complete questionnaire (known as the 'British Youth Panel). Members who split-off from a household are re-interviewed in their new household with all its members. It has a British sample of around 5,000 households and 10,000 individuals. The Scottish sample, boosted in 1999, comprises 1,500 households and 3,000 adults. At Wave 15, some form of response was achieved for approximately 87% of eligible households. At the individual level, 53% of original sample members were interviewed overall. In Scotland, this equates to information on around 1000 households and 1,500 individuals at Wave 15. Exact numbers are not readily available. The study has ESRC funding up until 2009. By 2009, a total of 18 years of panel data will be available. The existing BHPS sample will then be incorporated in the larger sample of the UK Household Longitudinal Study.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Expectations of relationships and marriage in the future Aspirations of young people for the future Educational qualifications
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Wealth, assets, debts and sources of income Own and friends involvement in crime/delinquency (youth panel) Family characteristics, family life and parenting Children's relationships with their parents (youth panel) Household employment status and economic activity Neighbourhood characteristics
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Neighbourhood satisfaction Housing conditions and tenure
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Contact with of health services including GPs, hospitals etc.
We live longer, healthier lives	Fertility Self-reported general health and standardised health assessments ( SF36) Disability Health tests taken (eg dental, blood pressure, cervical smear) Ageing, family support, health and quality of life for older people Stress at work Smoking Contact with health services
We realise our full potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people.	Lifetime economic activity history Professional qualifications Stress at work and satisfaction with work
We are better educated, more skilled and successful, renowned for our research and innovation	Educational qualifications
We live our lives safe from crime, disorder and danger	Perceptions of crime in neighbourhood
We take pride in a strong, fair and inclusive national identity	National identity Views of devolution and Europe
We value and enjoy our natural and built environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations.	Attitudes towards the Government's role in protecting the environment.

Children of the 1950s (Aberdeen study)

Relevant National Outcomes	Suggested explanatory variables	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We realise our full potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people.	Employment and occupation	Employment and parental employment, sex, family characteristics, number of siblings, age of mother, social class and educational qualifications	Jointly funded by the MRC and the Chief Scientist Office, the 'Children of the 1950s' has followed a cohort of children born in Aberdeen between 1950 and 1956 and who were at school in the city in 1962 or 1964. The study is based initially on a survey carried out in December 1962 of all Aberdeen primary school children born between 1950-56 (total sample: 12,150). These children took standardised reading tests and provided information about parental occupation and number of siblings. Attainment information at ages 7, 9 and 11 years was obtained from school records, as was data on height and weight. A wide range of data on maternal characteristics (including height and age), the pregnancy and birth was taken from the Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank. In 2004, this early data was supplemented with data from a postal survey of surviving and traceable respondents - over 7000 were contacted at this time. Various health and socio-economic data on cohort members available from centralised National Health Service databases has also recently been linked in. Given that the vast majority of data is administrative, there are few problems associated with non-response or attrition. There is no information on future plans for the study.
We are better educated, more skilled and successful, renowned for our research and innovation	Educational qualifications, IQ, reading ability at age 7,9 and 11 Employment
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Educational qualifications, IQ, reading ability at age 7,9 and 11 Employment
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed	Pregnancy and birth of cohort child, birth weight, gestational age Educational qualifications, reading ability Height and weight measurements Birth weight of female cohort members' children.
We live longer, healthier lives	Mortality Height and weight measurements Fertility and health during pregnancy of female cohort members, Lifestyle behaviours (smoking and binge drinking) Strokes and coronary heart disease Adult mental health.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in our society.	Employment Educational qualifications, Social class Lifestyle behaviours Health status including morbidity, height and weight, strokes and coronary heart disease
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Birth weight, gestational age, Height and weight measurements Educational qualifications

Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime ( ESYTC)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people	Employment patterns at ages 16, 17 and 18 The next planned sweep of data collection will collect this information for the period 18-23 years	At the individual level - age, sex, family composition, ethnicity, parental employment, income and socio-economic classification (from a separate, but linked survey of parents), and other socio-economic measures including area deprivation. As well as these measures, the Edinburgh Study team have used a range of other explanatory variables whilst modelling different types of offending behaviour - measure of personality, peer influence, parenting styles and attachment to school for example - many of which could be extended to explanatory models examining non-offending related outcomes.	The Edinburgh Study focuses on a single cohort of 4,317 young people who started secondary school in Edinburgh in the autumn of 1998. Pupils from state mainstream and special schools, and independent schools were all recruited for the study. The study has been funded by the ESRC, the Scottish Government and the Nuffield Foundation. Annual data collection via self-completion paper questionnaire (in a classroom setting) was undertaken for the 1 ^st 6 years (age 12-18). The original sample represented 89.1% of all first year pupils eligible to have taken part. Response was extremely high at all sweeps. Questionnaire data is supplemented by comprehensive data from social work, children's hearings and police juvenile liaison officer files and from the Scottish Criminal Record Office (which included all offences up to age 19). The next phase of fieldwork is planned for 2009 when cohort members will be 22-23. However, funding has not yet been secured. In 2007, the Scottish Government funded a 'Sample Safeguarding Exercise' the principal aims of which were to make contact with cohort members (mainly by post), confirm or update contact details and collect some brief information on their current circumstances. Further details are available in McVie, S., Palmer, J. and McAra, L. (2007) Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime: Report on Sample Safeguarding Exercise. A significant amount of analysis has already been undertaken on the data involving the application of multi-level modelling and other advanced statistical techniques. The majority of this work is centred around the main themes of the programme - i.e. understanding patterns of offending, and the effect of the interaction with formal justice systems. The most recent full round of data collection on the study was undertaken in autumn/winter 2003. The next phase of fieldwork is planned for 2009 when cohort members will be 22-23. However, funding has not yet been secured. In 2007, the Scottish Government funded a 'Sample Safeguarding Exercise' the principal aims of which were to make contact with cohort members (mainly by post), confirm or update contact details and collect some brief information on their current circumstances. Further details are available in McVie, S., Palmer, J. and McAra, L. (2007) Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime: Report on Sample Safeguarding Exercise.
We are better educated, more skilled and more successful, renowned for our research and innovation	Information on school-level educational qualifications taken from school records Also information on school attendance and reasons for absence - also taken from school records Planned future sweeps will obtain information on further and higher educational qualifications
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Measures of self-esteem, impulsivity and alienation Educational and employment aspirations Relationship with parents Relationship with friends Educational attainment and school attendance data Teachers questionnaire
We live longer, healthier lives	Various measures of adolescent physical and mental health including: general health, dieting and weight-related illness, worries, coping mechanisms, self-harm, smoking, drinking and drug use,
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Access to the internet Contact with criminal justice agencies
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Particularly detailed information about young people at risk including data from social work and children's hearings records Particular at risk groups possible to identify include persistent substance users and offenders
We live our lives safe from crime, disorder and danger	Detailed self-report data on individual's involvement in delinquency and offending behaviour - various levels of delinquency covered from graffiti and vandalism to robbery and fraud. Administrative information on offending and criminal justice intervention from Police Juvenile Liason Officer files, Scottish Children's Reporter Administration records and Scottish Criminal Records Office
We have strong, resilient and supportive communities where people take responsibility for their own actions and how they affect others	The study has a strong neighbourhood component and links in various area-level census variables to the individual survey dataset. A detailed area deprivation index has been created at a specific geography designed exclusively for the study. A 'Communities Survey' of Edinburgh neighbourhoods has also been undertaken allowing the measurement of a number of key concepts particularly in relation to a communities response to youth crime and anti-social behaviour
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Attendance at youth clubs, sports clubs and leisure centres Effectiveness of youth justice and welfare systems and processes

Families and Children Study ( FACS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables or topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed.	Health and long-standing illness School performance in major subjects Behavioural problems Household income and material deprivation.	Age and sex of parents and child, parental income, parental employment, parental social class, area deprivation, area urban-rural classification, family characteristics - number of children, marital status, lone parent/couple family	FACS is a panel study of British families with dependent children funded by a number of UK government departments including the Department for Work and Pensions, HM Revenue and Customs, Department for Education and Skills and the Department for Transport. The study was launched in 1999 and interviews have been undertaken annually with the main respondent (typically the mother) and his or her partner since that time. The sample was initially representative of lone parent and low income couple families. This was extended to include higher income families from 2001. Around 8000 families are interviewed nationally at any single wave. Of these, around 700 are Scottish families. The sample is replenished every year by including new eligible child benefit recipients in the sampled areas. On average in FACS, 78 per cent of any yearly cohort is interviewed again in the year following the first interview, 71 per cent of cases are still in the study after two years, 64 per cent after three years, 56 per cent after four years, about half (50 per cent) remain after the sixth wave of interviews and 46% after the seventh wave. From wave 9 (2007) onwards priority sampling was introduced where families with at least one of the following characteristics were retained in the sample: lone parents; families with a disabled adult and/or child; three or more children; low income families (below 70 per cent of median income); and families with a living absent parent. A sampling fraction was applied to the remaining families.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	School performance in major subjects Behavioural problems
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Behavioural problems Problems with drugs and alcohol Attitudes to parenting In-work support for families through tax credits Household income and material deprivation
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Mothers' use of services Use and opinions of local services for children and young people Mothers' satisfaction with local area Housing details
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Mothers' use of services Use and opinions of local services for children and young people Mothers' satisfaction with local area Travel to school
We live longer, healthier lives	General health and long-standing illness/disability of children and parents Travel to school Children's physical activity Problems with drugs and alcohol.
We realise our full potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people.	Employment of parents, levels of employment within families and constraints on mothers in returning to work Current and historic economic activity, future working prospects Attitudes to work and childcare
We are better educated, more skilled and successful, renowned for our research and innovation	Education and employment within families

General Household Survey ( GHS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people	Employment/economic activity (in last 12 months)	Household composition - age of and relationships between all household members, marriage/cohabitation, housing tenure, area, For individuals - ethnicity and country of birth, employment and economic activity, current and previous education, housing tenure, income,	The GHS is an inter-departmental multi-purpose continuous survey carried out by ONS. It has been conducted as a continuous population survey of people living in private households in Great Britain since 1971. It became longitudinal in 2005 to take account of European Community data collection needs. The review of GHS content has therefore been restricted to 2005 onwards. The GHS sample design follows a four-year sample rotation in which households remain in the sample for four years (waves) with one quarter of the sample being replaced each year. Each quarter of the sample is known as a replication, and each replication is representative of the target population. Once the system is fully established (from year 4/2009 onwards) the sample for any one year consists of four replications which have been in the survey for 1, 2, 3 or 4 years. Each year one of the four replications is dropped and a new one added, giving an overlap of 75 per cent between successive years. In 2006, interviews were achieved in 9,731 households across Britain. This included 893 Scottish households and 1627 individual interviews in Scotland. The rotational nature of the sample design means that longitudinal data, over 4 years, will only be available for around one quarter of this sample - approximately 400 cases.
We are better educated, more skilled and more successful, renowned for our research and innovation	Employment/economic activity (in last 12 months) Education and training - current and previous
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Info on the 16-24 age group: Employment/economic activity (in last 12 months) Education and training - current and previous Leisure/Social and Cultural Participation including involvement in groups and clubs and volunteering
We live longer, healthier lives	Acute sickness Longstanding illness General health Smoking Alcohol consumption
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Car ownership Consumer durables Accommodation problems Economic activity Income
We have strong, resilient and supportive communities where people take responsibility for their own actions and how they affect others	Leisure/Social and Cultural Participation including asking for help from neighbours
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Accommodation problems (damp etc)
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Use of health services: Day patient visits GP consultations NHS Direct/24 Hospital stays Outpatient attendances

Go Well Glasgow ( GWG)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables or topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We live longer, healthier lives	Recent symptoms, long term conditions, general health and wellbeing scale Symptoms and conditions among children Health behaviours (drinking, smoking, diet, exercise, drugs use)	Outcomes can be explored in relation to: Households (composition, relationships, occupational status, ethnicity, religion, citizenship) Housing (tenure, quality) Neighbourhoods and communities (quality of local environment and services, perceptions of the area, sense of community, neighbourhood problems and recent change) Social networks (social contacts, social support, civic involvement) Education, employment and income (current/last job, income, qualifications, affordability of household bills, sources of credit)	The Go Well Glasgow study is a longitudinal study of the processes and impacts of housing improvement and neighbourhood transformation undertaken within the city of Glasgow over 10 years between 2006 and 2016. It is jointly funded by the Glasgow Housing Association, Glasgow Centre for Population Health, Communities Scotland, NHS Health Scotland, NHS Greater Glasgow and the University of Glasgow. The study comprises several research elements: An ecological study of city wide changes using mostly administrative data A 'Community Health and Wellbeing' study involving a 4 repeat cross-sectional surveys (in 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2012) of around 6000 randomly selected individuals in 14 key areas of Glasgow (around 400-700 in each area at each wave). Whilst essentially cross-sectional, many respondents at Wave 2 also participated at Wave 1, as such individual-level longitudinal data will also be available for these individuals. A panel study of around 1000 respondents from the first wave of the Community survey who move voluntarily or are relocated out of the selected neighbourhoods by wave 2. This study, which is focussed on 6 areas, launches in November 2008. A 'Community Health and Wellbeing' study involving a 4 repeat surveys of around 6000 randomly selected individuals in 14 key areas of Glasgow (around 400-700 in each area at each wave) A panel study of those who move voluntarily or are relocated out of the selected neighbourhoods A qualitative study with residents, policy-makers and practitioners exploring governance, participation and neighbourhood change. Nested cohort studies aimed at specific initiatives and/or specific sub-groups. Ultimately there will be longitudinal data at the level of each area, as well as on individuals.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Health and wellbeing (see above) Occupational status Housing tenure/quality Education, employment and income Neighbourhood (quality of local environment/services)
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Health and wellbeing (see above) Education, employment and income Housing quality Neighbourhood
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Quality of environment Assessment of and access to local services, and amenities Housing quality Perceptions of area Social networks
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Quality of environment Assessment of and access to local services, and amenities
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Housing quality Occupational status Housing tenure

Growing Up in Scotland ( GUS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed.	Maternal health during pregnancy Birth weight Breastfeeding General health, long-standing and acute illness Child development indicators Cognitive assessment Height and weight measurements Family circumstances including family income, accommodation, parental relationships, parental employment Access to facilities including local health services, libraries, swimming pools and parks/playgrounds	Age and sex of parents and child, parental income, parental employment, parental social class, area deprivation, area urban-rural classification, family characteristics - number of children, marital status, lone parent/couple,	Growing Up in Scotland is a longitudinal study of children and families living in Scotland funded entirely by the Scottish Government. It includes two cohorts; a birth cohort of 5217 children born between June 2004 and May 2005, and a child cohort of 2859 children born between June 2002 and May 2003. Interviews in both cohorts have been undertaken annually with the child's main carer (usually the child's mother) since 2005. Sweep 2 launched in April 2006, sweep 3 in April 2007 and sweep 4 in April 2008. At sweep 2 a shorter partner's interview was also conducted. In addition, height and weight measurements were taken of the child cohort at sweep 2 and of both cohorts at sweep 4. Cognitive assessments were carried out with children in the birth cohort at sweep 3. Wave-on-wave response is around 90%. Two cohorts of different ages - allows cross-sectional time-specific analysis, cross-sectional time-series analysis and longitudinal analysis. Most data collected can be compared between the two cohorts at each sweep. A new contract for sweeps 5-8 is due to be awarded in July 2008. It is likely that the birth cohort will continue to be interviewed annually until the age of 5, whilst the child cohort are now expected to be interviewed at key transition stages. A new birth cohort is proposed for 2011.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Cognitive assessments Child development indicators School readiness scale
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Maternal health during pregnancy Birth weight Breastfeeding General health, long-standing and acute illness Child development indicators Cognitive assessessments Height and weight measurements Family circumstances (see above) Parental employment Service access and use including parenting classes and other support services Pre-school uptake Parental mental health ( DASS)
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Accommodation including tenure and heating Facilities in the local area including availability and satisfaction Attitudes towards the local area, involvement in local activities Access to and satisfaction with childcare including pre-school and after-school clubs Antenatal provision, parenting classes.
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Availability of and satisfaction with health services including antenatal provision, A&E Use of services such as dentist, GP, practice nurses, NHS24 etc. Availability of and satisfaction with state-funded childcare places, including preschool, afterschool and breakfast clubs. Experiences of primary school, including availability of places, satisfaction with school, homework received and completed, information received from schools, provision for children with additional support needs. Availability of and satisfaction with other public services in the local area
We live longer, healthier lives.	Parent and child general health, mental health, longstanding illness Physical activity Travel to and from school Food and eating Height and weight measurements
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Accommodation including tenure and heating

Healthy Old People in Edinburgh Study ( HOPE)

Relevant National Outcomes

Related variables and topics

Explanatory variables

Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness

We live longer, healthier lives

Psychometric testing, including memory and fluid intelligence tests,
Physiological measurements, including weight, blood pressure, grip strength and respiratory function,
Questionnaires enquiring about disability and self-esteem

Age, gender, occupational group, area deprivation

For this study, funded by the Scottish Executive Department of Health, 603 healthy, unmedicated people aged 70 years and over and living in Edinburgh were recruited in 1990-1.

Participants were followed up in 1994-5 (n=429), 1997-8 (n=301) and 1999-2000 (n=201), to determine key predictors of, and associations with successful ageing. Cohort members completed questionnaires at each wave and underwent various health assessments

There are no plans for further follow-ups. A considerable amount of analysis has already been undertaken using this data including articles which focus on blood pressure and age-associated cognitive decline.

Inter-Departmental Business Register ( IDBR)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We live in a Scotland that is the most attractive place for doing business in Europe	Main business activity Size of businesses Economic growth Business turnover Standard Industrial Classification	At unit level (which can be either administrative unit, statistical unit, or observation unit): Standard Industrial Classification ( SIC2003 and SIC2007), Employment and employees, Turnover, Legal status (company, sole proprietor, partnership, public corporation/ nationalised body, local authority or non-profit body), Country of ownership, location	The Inter-Departmental Business Register ( IDBR) is a list of UK businesses maintained by the Office for National Statistics ( ONS) and combines the former Central Statistical Office ( CSO) VAT based business register and the former Employment Department ( ED) employment statistics system. It provides a sampling frame for surveys of businesses carried out by the ONS and by other government departments. It is also a key data source for analysis of business activity. The IDBR covers businesses in all parts of the economy, and in all of Scotland, missing some very small businesses operating without VAT or PAYE schemes (self employed and those with low turnover and without employees) and some non-profit organisations. The data from IDBR is already used to provide an overview of Scottish economic development and prospects examined in the context of UK, EU and global economies. The IDBR is longitudinal in the sense that it allows businesses to be tracked overtime with key data updated on an annual basis Currently, IDBR is used almost exclusively by Government departments and organisations. Other individuals and organisations can request bespoke analysis.
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	The sample size is large enough to consider issues related to area urban/rural characteristics in detail.

Labour Force Survey ( LFS)

Relevant National Outcomes

Related variables and topics

Explanatory variables

Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness

We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people

Details of current economic activity including employment status, current and previous jobs, duration of current and previous jobs, duration of unemployment, sector, full-time/part-time industry and occupation
Labour mobility
Barriers to work - method of obtaining job, method of seeking work, method of travel to work, health problems affecting ability to work, reasons for not seeking work

The following information is collected for everyone in the household: gender; age last birthday; date of birth; marital status; living arrangements;

The additional information is collected for respondents: ethnic origin, national identity, industry, occupation, socio-economic classification, period of residence at current address, housing tenure.

This is an ongoing, continuous survey of UK adults aged 16 and older. The survey is designed to produce a set of national and regional employment and unemployment statistics for use by government departments and for comparison with other European Union countries.

The LFS has a panel design, where each sampled address is interviewed for five waves. Interviews take place at three month intervals with the fifth interview taking place a year after the first. The first interview is conducted using a face to face CAPI interview, subsequent interviews are conducted by telephone.

Interviews are achieved at around 59,000 addresses with 138,000 individual respondents each quarter. In Spring 2003 a boost to the Scottish sample was added taking the number of Scottish households included to 12,000 per year. The Scottish sample extends beyond the Caledonian Canal (although its coverage is partial in this area). The sample size in each LA in Scotland is boosted to produce an expected minimum of 875 economically active adults.

Since 2004 LFS data sets have been merged into the Annual Population Survey and from January 2008 these will be incorporated in the Integrated Household Survey.

We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations

The sample size is large enough to consider issues related to area urban/rural characteristics in detail.

Life Opportunities Survey ( LOS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Note: This survey is still in the early stages of development and no questionnaire content has been confirmed. Broadly, however, the survey will explore "the barriers disabled people experience from a social model perspective. It will track the experiences of disabled people over time to assess transitions through key stages, such as moving from childhood to adulthood or in and out of work, and people's experiences of receiving a range of benefits and services." As the study will also include non-disabled respondents inequalities can be identified and monitored.'	Expected variables will include: age and sex of all respondents, socio-economic characteristics, employment and education details of adult respondents. Presumably, parental socio-economic characteristics will be collected for child respondents.	The survey, funded by DWP, will involve interviews with three main groups of a) disabled people, b) comparison group of non-disabled people and c) an 'onset screening sample' of people who experienced the onset of impairment. The survey will start with a baseline random sample of 50,000 people, providing cross-sectional data on a range of outcomes. Scoping work to sample specific groups such as people in communal establishments, disabled children and impairment groups often excluded in existing household surveys is currently underway and linkage with government administrative health, social care and benefits data is also being considered. Technical development and pilot testing of the survey will be carried out in 2008/9, with the baseline survey expected to go live in 2009/10. Interim findings are expected by end 2010, with final results by 2011. The precise model of cohorts and follow-up frequency have not yet been finalised. ONS are developing the baseline survey as a module of the The Integrated Household Survey ( IHS). An equal probability sample across GB would lead to achieved sample sizes in England, Scotland and Wales that are in proportion to the population in each country. This would return a total Scottish sample size of around 4356, including 726 disabled people. Options for boosting the sample are currently being explored with Scottish Government
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs
We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people
We take pride in a strong, fair and inclusive national identity.

Longitudinal Study of Refugees ( LSR)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people	Employment and economic activity	Age, gender, country of origin, family characteristics, employment, income, educational attainment, proficiency in the English language, UK-country where currently living, area/neighbourhood characteristics	This is a UK-wide study of refugees and asylum-seekers who have been given leave to remain in the UK. The proposed sample size is around 9000 with 2-3% of this sample being in Scotland (approx 200 adults). All refugees arriving under the resettlement programme will be asked to participate. The study will provide valuable new information in two areas - the provision of data to monitor outcomes and/or indicators of integration, and data to describe the process of integration.
We take pride in a strong, fair and inclusive national identity.	Attitudes towards local people and other refugees
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Income Housing characteristics and conditions
We have strong, resilient and supportive communities where people take responsibility for their own actions and how they affect others	Relations with other migrants and non-migrants in local community
We take pride in a strong, fair and inclusive national identity	Attitudes towards the UK population and other minority groups
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	The impact of service provision on integration and support offered to aid successful integration Interaction with health services, education services and legal services

Millennium Cohort Study ( MCS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed.	Birth weight Breastfeeding General health, long-standing and acute illness Child development indicators Cognitive assessments Height and weight measurements Family circumstances including family income, accommodation, parental relationships, parental employment Parenting and activities with child Schooling including parental satisfaction and child's enjoyment Children's diets	Age and sex of parents and child, parental income, parental employment, parental social class, area deprivation, area urban-rural classification, family characteristics - number of children, marital status, lone parent/couple, car ownership	The Millenium Cohort Study ( MCS) is a continuing, multi-disciplinary longitudinal study launched in 2000 and funded by the ESRC and a consortium of Government departments. The sample population for the study was drawn from all live births in the UK over 12 months from 1 September 2000 in England & Wales and 1 December 2000 in Scotland & Northern Ireland. Interviews have been undertaken every two years with the child's main carer (usually the child's mother) since 2005. Wave 2 launched in September 2003, Wave 3 in September 2005 and Wave 4 in September 2007. At each wave, a shorter partner's interview has also been conducted. In addition, height and weight measurements of and cognitive assessments with the children have been conducted from Wave 2 onwards. Sibling questionnaires and neighbourhood have also been employed. The sample was selected from a random sample of electoral wards, disproportionately stratified to ensure adequate representation of all four UK countries, deprived areas and areas with high concentrations of Black and Asian families. The initial overall sample size was around 18,000 babies. The Scottish sample size was 2336 at Wave 1, 1814 at Wave 2. Some sample refreshment, where new families are introduced to the cohort, is undertaken at each wave. Whilst response at each wave is generally high, recent analysis of the Scottish data suggests that the Scottish sample has suffered from a different pattern of attrition to elsewhere which has implications for the validity of certain types of analysis.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Cognitive assessments Child development indicators For older sibling: Alcohol, smoking and drug use Contact with police
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Parental employment and educational qualifications, Homelessness and accommodation conditions Support for children with additional support needs, Income.
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Use of health services: antenatal care and class attendance, child's birth, neonatal care, hospital and A&E use, ease of access to local primary health services.
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Use of health services: hospital and A&E use, ease of access to local primary health services. Public transport Play areas Childcare Primary schools.
We live longer, healthier lives.	Measures of parent and child physical and mental health including: Acute and longstanding illness Fertility treatment Hospital and A&E use, parent Child height and weight measurements Parental smoking including child passive smoking Parental alcohol consumption Parental drug use Children's physical activity Immunisations Children's diets.
We have strong, resilient supportive communities where people take responsibility for their own actions and how they affect others.	Friendliness of, and satisfaction with, neighbours and the local area.
We take pride in a strong, fair and inclusive national identity.	Attitudes towards people of different ethnicities, single parents, different religions, experience of racism.
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Housing details including tenure and quality

National Child Development Study ( NCDS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed.	Birth details Aspirations and expectations for child's future Parental education and occupation Child's behaviour in school (Bristol Social Adjustment Guide) Disciplinary methods used, Size and nature of child's class Ability ratings Likely examination entries Details of any special provisions for the child, School attendance record, Prediction of future educational and occupational progress Exam results Adult numeracy and literacy problems	Parental employment, ages of cohort member and parents, marital status of parents, parental education, parental income, poverty indices, educational qualifications, employment status, income.	The National Child Development Study ( NCDS) is a continuing, multi-disciplinary longitudinal study which takes as its subjects all the people born in one week in England, Scotland and Wales in one week in March 1958. The study was originally designed to examine the social and obstetric factors associated with stillbirth and death in early infancy among the children born in Great Britain in that one week. Since then there have been seven attempts to re-contact the cohort - most recently in 2008. Core data collection initially involved interviews with the child's parents. From Wave 2 (age 7) to Wave 4 (age 16) these were combined with child medical examinations, school tests, and child questionnaires. The cohort member became the main source of data from Wave 5 (age 23) onwards with their own partners and children incorporated from Wave 6 (age 33). The initial overall sample size was around 17,500 babies. At each follow-up the Scottish sample size is around 1000. There are no particular issues related to differential attrition. The future of the study is now more certain following the long-term funding of CLS, who run the study, as an ESRC Resource Centre. The forward plan for BCS proposes follow-ups every 4 years alternating face-to-face and telephone/postal surveys. The 2008 survey is being conducted by telephone/post.
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Children's behaviour in school (Bristol Social Adjustment Guide) Disciplinary methods used Size and nature of child's class Ability ratings Likely examination entries Details of any special provisions for the child Attendance record Prediction of future educational and occupational progress Tests of attainment Exam results Educational qualifications Adult literacy and numeracy problems
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Experience of lone parenthood Support for families Household income Housing and accommodation conditions Employment and educational qualifications.
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Housing and accommodation conditions
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Use of health services including, and in particular, ante-natal care for mother School information: type and size, social composition, academic performance, provision for sex education and careers advice Homelessness,
We realise our economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people.	Employment and periods of unemployment Earnings from employment Apprenticeships and training Promotion Job satifsfaction and choice Job behaviour
We are better educated, more skilled and successful, reknowned for our research and innovation.	Children's ability ratings Tests of attainment Attendance record Exam results Educational qualifications Apprenticeship and training Adult literacy and numeracy problems
We live longer, healthier lives.	Obstetric history of mother Abnormalities during pregnancy, abnormalities during birth Progress and weight of infant Mother's smoking during pregnancy Child's general health, accidents, hospital admissions and GP visits Details of medical history relating to vision, hearing, speech therapy, convulsions, asthma, enuresis, psychiatric problems, dental care and pubertal development (note- these were self-reported and a full medical examination was carried out) Disease and ill-health Miscarriage and abortion amongst cohort members Smoking and drinking, illegal drug use Depression (Malaise Inventory) Fertility of cohort member.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in our society.	Disease and ill-health Homeownership Educational qualifications Car ownership Access to computers Household income.
We live our lives safe from crime, disorder and danger.	Contact with the police and experience of crime (2004 only)
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Housing and accommodation conditions

National Study of Health and Growth ( NHSG)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed	Various child health data including anthropometric measurements, birth weight and gestation, general health and illnesses, lung function Breastfeeding Parental smoking Family socio-economic circumstances including parental employment and social class, number of rooms in household, household composition, receipt of benefits Availability of school milk	Child sex and age, parental age, household/family composition, number of rooms in house, parental education and employment, parental social class, receipt of benefits	This study ran in England and Scotland from 1972 to 1994. The original aim was to develop a system of surveillance which could detect changes in growth, nutrition and health of primary school children resulting from any future changes in social or environmental conditions. Each year the data collected consisted of a series of anthropometric measurements, a short social questionnaire to the mother or female guardian. Variations and additions to the measurements and questionnaire content were made at several points over the duration of the study. The sample covered all primary aged school children attending 40 selected state schools situated in 28 employment exchange areas in England and Scotland, except in two areas where only children with even date birthdays were included. In schools with additional nursery or other classes only the children attending the designated primary classes ( i.e. children generally aged between 4 _ to 11) were included. The total sample in any one year was around 10,000 children. In the original design, 6 of the sampled areas were in Scotland equating to around 2000 children in total. At phase 3 of the study (from 1982) a Scottish boost was added every odd year taking the number of Scottish areas to 14, and the number of children to around 5000. Up to seven years of data is available for some children. In Scotland, in the original sample, a single 'school year' cohort has around 300 children. In the boosted years this figure is around 700. As a school-based study, sweep-on-sweep response was generally high with response averaging at around 85% in each wave.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Parental smoking Family socio-economic circumstances including parental social class, number of rooms in household, household composition, receipt of benefits Parental education levels
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Various child health data including anthropometric measurements, general health and illnesses, lung function Parental education levels
We live longer, healthier lives	Various child health data including anthropometric measurements, general health and illnesses, lung function Child food and nutrition - food frequency, sensitivity and intolerance of foods, supplement intakes Parental health data including height and weight, smoking, parental atopy

Scottish Continuous Recording System ( SCORE)

Relevant National Outcomes

Related variables and topics

Explanatory variables

Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness

We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society

Tenure and ownership of assets including the family home, vehicles, household goods and valuables
Bank accounts (current, savings, deposit, ISA), investments, and real estate
Amount of unsecured debt ( e.g. credit cards, loans, store cards, mail order)
Attitudes to financial risk, accounts, investment and debts
Pensions - membership of, employer-based, private,
Attitudes to saving for retirement
Total individual wealth

For each household member: age and sex, relationship to other household members

For household members who are interviewed (16 or over, but not 16-18 in full-time education): economic status, education and employment, numerical ability, income

At household level: Number of adults, number of children, area, family type, household income, household assets, tenure, total debt

Launched in 2006, this longitudinal survey of private households collects information on financial and non-financial assets of households and gathers detailed information on wealth components such as savings, pensions, mortgages and debt.

The survey will ultimately provide the government, academics, analysts and other organisations with the means to assess the wealth and indebtedness of households and individuals in Great Britain. Additionally, it is cited in the second Pension Commission report as being a prime source of data for monitoring individual pension provision and will feed into future pension policy.

Fieldwork for the first wave sample will run over two years from June 2006 and involve 32,000 households. The wave two interviews will take place two years after the initial interview. In order to capture quick changes in debt, an additional follow-up survey of households in heavy debt will be conducted one year after their first interview.

In addition, one of the policy interests is to have a better understanding of households at the higher end of the wealth distribution - as such these households are being over-sampled - a target of 4,500 household above the top wealth decile for wave 1.

The sample was restricted to Great Britain and excludes Scotland north of the Caledonian Canal, the Scottish Islands and the Isles of Scilly. 1200 PSUs were sampled in the first year, including 109 in Scotland. From each sampled PSU, 26 addresses were sampled yielding a Scottish sample of approximately 5500 households at wave 1.

All adults aged 16 and over (excluding those aged 16-18 in full-time education) are interviewed in each responding household.

Workplace Employee Relations Panel Survey ( WERS)
(the project was re-named from Workplace Industrial Relations Survey ( WIRS) to WERS in 1998 to reflect a change in coverage and approach)

Relevant National Outcomes

Related variables and topics

Explanatory variables

Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness

We live in a Scotland that is the most attractive place for doing business in Europe

Financial performance at industry and organisation level
Number of employees
Equal opportunities policies
Family-friendly working
Flexible working
Workforce composition by occupational classification
Trade union representation and membership
Reasons for workforce reductions

Change over time in the proportion of establishments offering/exhibiting the following:

Equal opportunities policies
Family-friendly working
Flexible working

Measures of:

Management and employee relations
Employee consultation/organisational management
Dispute and grievance procedures

Information at the level of the workplace/organisation includes: number of employees, gender of employees and full-time/part-time split, workforce composition (by occupational classification), sector, main activity of establishment, formal status of establishment, ownership, trade union membership, equal opportunities policies, family-friendly, flexible working

The Workplace Employment Relations Survey is a series of surveys that aims to provide a nationally representative account of the state of employment relations and working life inside British workplaces. The survey series is jointly sponsored by the Department of Trade and Industry ( DTI), the Economic and Social Research Council ( ESRC), the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), and the Policy Studies Institute ( PSI). Previous surveys were conducted in 1980, 1984, 1990 and 1998.

The first wave of data collection for the 1998-2004 panel study consisted of an initial 'Basic Workforce Data Sheet' providing organisation information, a 2 hour CAPI 'Management' interview, an interview with a senior employee representative, and self-completion questionnaires for up to 25 employees. The second wave involves a Basic Workforce Data Sheet and a shorter Management interview.

The panel examines changes over time and asks how and why these changes occurred.

The overall study includes two segments. The first segment includes 5 cross-sectional studies - 1980, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2004. The second segment includes four separate panel studies: 1980-1984, 1984-1990, 1990-98 and 1998-2004.

For the purposes of the second-wave interview, a continuing workplace was defined as one that was in-scope at both timepoints and that had continued to operate throughout the intervening period.

In 2004, the cross-sectional survey included 222 establishments in Scotland. A total of 145 Scottish establishments were selected for participation in the 1998-2004 panel study. Of these, 85 were followed up successfully in 2004. 218 Scottish establishments were included in the 1990-1998 panel study, 142 were followed up in 1998.

We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people

West of Scotland 11 - 16 & 16+ Study: Teenage Health ( WoS1116)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables or areas	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
Our children have the best start in life and are ready to succeed	Health Self-esteem and self image Behaviours related to health (diet, exercise, smoking, drinking, experience of drugs) Family life School Leisure activities Friends Predictions for the future. Chronic illness Parental occupation Height, weight and respiratory function. Feelings and emotions.	Age, sex, parental health, family background/circumstances, schooling	This school-based health study, part of the wider MRC West of Scotland research programme, followed a cohort of young people living in a mainly urban area in Glasgow City. Cohort members were recruited 1994 during final year of (mainstream) primary school (age 11) and followed through the transition to secondary school until the end of statutory education at age 15/16 in 1999. Data was collected directly from the cohort members via self-complete questionnaires at ages 11, 13 and 15. Brief Nurse interviews were also conducted. Additionally, at age 11, parents also completed a questionnaire. Class teachers also filled in single page questionnaires about the behaviour and achievements of the child and head teachers completed questionnaires about the school environment. At age 15, as well as the standard self-complete questionnaires, study members also completed an interactive, computer-administered interview about their feelings and emotions. In the 16+ study, study members were invited to attend 'survey centres' where they were interviewed. Some were visited at home. Final data collection, in 2006, was via a self-complete postal questionnaire. At age 11, 2586 (1,335 boys and 1,251 girls) took part, at age 13 the number was 2,371 and at 15 it was 2,196. The majority (2,063) took part at all three stages. Within 16+, 1,258 took part in the interviews at ages 18-20 and 596 returned a postal questionnaire at age 22.
We live longer, healthier lives	Health Self-esteem and self image Behaviours related to health (diet, exercise, smoking, drinking, experience of drugs) Chronic illness Parental occupation Height, weight and respiratory function. Feelings and emotions.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Health Self-esteem and self image Behaviours related to health (diet, exercise, smoking, drinking, experience of drugs) Family life School Leisure activities Friends Predictions for the future. Chronic illness Parental occupation Height, weight and respiratory function. Feelings and emotions Questions to parents on: Current and earlier health history Family background and circumstances Schooling and aspirations/ predictions for their child's future.
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Health Self-esteem and self image Behaviours related to health (diet, exercise, smoking, drinking, experience of drugs) Family life School Leisure activities Friends Predictions for the future. Chronic illness Parental occupation Height, weight and respiratory function. Feelings and emotions Questions to parents on: Current and earlier health history Family background and circumstances Schooling and aspirations/ predictions for their child's future.
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Head teachers completed questionnaires about the school environment.

West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study ( WoS 2007)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables or topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We live longer, healthier lives	Self reported health: wellbeing, illness, chronic conditions, disability, mental health, use of medication Physical health: height, weight, waist & hip, BP, LF Health behaviours: diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol, drugs, sexual health, preventions, social participation, leisure, criminal activities Biological samples: immune system (1995 only), risk factors for CVD, diabetes and obesity (new for 2007), measures of liver and kidney function, full blood count, blood cell ageing (new for 2007)	Data can be analysed to explore the effects of social class, lifestyle and life events on health. Some explanatory variables include: Social class, gender, age, area of residence, family structure, ethnicity, employment, income, home ownership, car access, perceived financial hardship and reported standards of living ( e.g. ownership of material possessions such as a television and washing machine).	The West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study: 'Health in the community', funded by the MRC and CSO, was set up in 1986 in order to investigate the reasons for differences in health by socio-economic circumstances, gender, the place where people live, age, ethnic group and family type. There have been 5 main waves of data collection involving face-to-face interviews in study members' homes followed by a nurse visit incorporating a range of physical measurements. These took place in 1987/88, 1990/92, 1995, 2000-04, and 2007/08. A number of 'interim' postal surveys, sometimes only with particular cohorts, have also been conducted. The basic design of the Study involved recruiting three cohorts (groups) of volunteers, each group born twenty years apart. Members of the oldest cohort were born around 1932, those in the middle cohort were born in 1952, and those in the youngest cohort were born in 1972. Regional sample: In 1987/88 around 1000 people in each of three age cohorts (aged 15, 35, and 55) were sampled from 52 postcode sectors in Central Clydeside Conurbation (including City of Glasgow). Postcode sectors reflect a spread of social advantage and disadvantage. Participants followed up over 20 years, even if they have moved, each surveyed five times: four surveys already taken place and the fifth and final is between Autumn 07 and Summer 08. By the final wave in 2007/8, they are aged 35, 55, and 75 respectively. Locality sample: More intensive study on 2 localities in Glasgow City with contrasting socio-residential characteristics, explore impact of place of residence on health. Initial sample sizes around 300 per age group per locality) in 1987/8, 1992, 1997 and 2000/3 and finally 2007.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Self reported health: wellbeing, illness, chronic conditions, disability, mental health, use of medication Physical health: height, weight, waist & hip, BP, LF Health behaviours: diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol, drugs, sexual health, preventions, social participation, leisure, criminal activities Biological samples: immune system (1995 only), risk factors for CVD, diabetes and obesity (new for 2007), measures of liver and kidney function, full blood count, blood cell ageing (new for 2007) Beliefs, attitudes and values about health: illness, knowledge, Self esteem, control over life and health, worries, life satisfaction, opinions
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	The above health data Family structur and household composition, Housing tenure and conditions Ownership of household goods Level of housework and caring responsibilities Family health Employment, Occupation and work environment Income Family networks and social support Life events e.g. recent marriages, deaths, new babies, etc.
We live in well-designed, sustainable places where we are able to access the amenities and services we need	Area of residence (questions on access to services, housing, neighbourhood) Use of health care services Beliefs about control over life and health
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Use of health care services Use of medication Beliefs about control over life and health
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	Housing tenure and conditions

Work and Pensions Longitudinal Study ( WPLS)

Relevant National Outcomes	Related variables and topics	Explanatory variables	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people	Work and benefit history, duration of employment, duration of benefit dependency	Age and gender of claimant, income, area, work and benefit history	Introduced in January 2004 and enhanced in October 2005, this study links benefit and programme information held by DWP on its customers, with employment records from HMRC. The aims of the study are focussed around supporting the DWP's agenda for Child Poverty, Welfare to Work, and Retirement Income planning. The data provides a single client view, with history, allowing client group and across client group longitudinal analysis. The survey contains a 100% sample of allDWP clients and provides, for every person,: Benefits or pension they first claim and any subsequent ones Any help or interventions they receive from Jobcentre Plus Whether they go into work when they leave benefit Whether they return to benefit Key information about their income Key personal details Housing/Council Tax benefit and Tax Credits for DWP clients A more detailed 5% sample is also available.
We are better educated, more skilled and more successful, renowned for our research and innovation	Employment-related training designed to improve chances of employment
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish society	Work and benefit history allows identification of long-term unemployed
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Number of children of claimant Age of youngest child Family type (5% sample)
Our public services are high quality, continually improving, efficient and responsive to local people's needs	Interventions from Jobcentre Plus

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Relevant National Outcomes	Suggested explanatory variables	Demographic Controls	Comments on: Analysis, Sample, Representativeness
We realise our full economic potential with more and better employment opportunities for our people.	Census: economic activity and occupation (1991 and 2001).	Age, sex, marital status, cohabitation and family make-up, accommodation, country of birth, ethnicity, educational qualifications, social class, area deprivation ( CARSTAIRS) and urban-rural classification.	The Scottish Longitudinal Study is a large-scale linkage study which has been created by using data available from current Scottish administrative and statistical sources. These include Census data, Vital Events data (births, deaths, marriages), National Health Service Central Register data (migration in or out of Scotland) and NHS data (cancer registrations and hospital discharges). The SLS contains data from the 1991 census onwards. Data on health events is not held on the database but is linked as required for approved research studies. The SLS is a 5.3% representative national sample equating to a sample of around 274,000 individuals.
We are better educated, more skilled and more successful, renowned for our research and innovation.	Census: educational qualifications, economic activity and occupation (1991 and 2001).
Our young people are successful learners, confident individuals, effective contributors and responsible citizens	Census: educational qualifications, economic activity and occupation (1991 and 2001).
We live longer, healthier lives.	Census: limiting long-term illness (1991 and 2001), self-rated health (2001). Vital events: stillbirths, infant mortality, deaths Health events: cancer registrations, hospital admissions and discharges.
We have tackled the significant inequalities in Scottish societies.	Census: accommodation, educational qualifications, occupation and social class, long-standing illness, self-rated health. Vital events: deaths, still-births, infant mortality. Health events: hospital admissions and discharges.
We have improved the life chances for children, young people and families at risk	Census: accommodation, educational qualifications, occupation and social class, long-standing illness, self-rated health. Vital events: deaths, still-births, infant mortality.
We value and enjoy our built and natural environment and protect it and enhance it for future generations	The sample size is large enough to consider issues related to area urban/rural characteristics in detail.

The Scottish Government

Publications

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Use of Longitudinal Research in the Evaluation of the Scottish Government's National Outcomes

APPENDIX 3: SUMMARIES OF STUDIES ANALYSED BY NATIONAL OUTCOMES