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Appendix 4: Business
Existing measures
Ref | Option |
|---|
B7 | Carbon Trust support for energy efficiency in SMEs |
B8 | Energy saving opportunities in SMEs |
B9 | UKETS |
B10 | Building regulations |
B11 | Carbon Trust |
B12 | Climate Change Agreement |
Future options
A series of tables are presented for future options:
1. Definition of option, state of deployment
2. Data for 2030
3. Data for 2050
4. Factors influencing deployment, potential, etc.
Ref | Option | Technical measure | State of deployment |
|---|
B1 | Grant support | Biomass | Proven but not widely economic, update supported by grants |
B2 | Grant support | Electric furnaces | Future new policy |
B3 | Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | Carbon Capture and Storage for Grangemouth refinery | Future new policy |
B4 | Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | CCS for Industry | Future new policy |
B5 | Building Regulations to require 25% less carbon in refurbished commercial buildings from 2010 | A wide range of building fabric and building services technologies | Future new policy |
B6 | Grant support | Energy from waste, anaerobic digestion | Future new policy |
Ref | Option | Core data - 2030 |
|---|
Potential | +/- | Key assumptions | Sub-sector | £/t CO 2eq | +/- | Source / Key assumptions |
|---|
B1 | Biomass Grant support | 10% | Low | Air Quality issues clarified, sufficient biomass supply available from sustainable sources. Some risk of continuing closures - historic trend, but BERR and S Govt expectations are for growth | Industry - low temp processes | £80 | Low | EWP 07 MACC |
B2 | Electric Furnaces - Grant support | 0% | Low | Electricity not low carbon so too early to implement | Industry - high temperature (Glass, metals) | £88 | High | None found - assume this is higher than CCS for coal - otherwise electricity will not be low enough in carbon to make this measure viable |
B3 | CCS for Refineries Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | 0% | Low | Technology not yet proven at this scale or not cost effective at this scale. Unlikely to happen before 2030. | Refineries | n/a | High | EWP 07 MACC |
B4 | CCS for Industry Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | 0% | Low | Technology not yet proven at this scale or not cost effective at this scale. Unlikely to happen before 2030. | Industry - large sites | n/a | High | EWP 07 MACC |
B5 | Building Regulations to require 25% less carbon in refurbished commercial buildings from 2010 | 2.7% | Low | Commercial buildings refurbished once every 25 years | Services - new buildings | £50 | Mid | Taken from EWP 07 MACC. Should match cost for public sector |
B6 | EfW - AD Grant support | 1.6% | Medium | RO Banding in place, landfill tax continues to rise, waste policy favourable | Industry - food | -£1,288 | Low | E&Y report to BERRURN 07/1468 |
Ref | Option | Core data - 2050 |
|---|
Potential | +/- | Key assumptions | Sub-sector | £/t CO 2eq | +/- | Source / Key assumptions |
|---|
B1 | Biomass Grant support | 10% | Low | Air Quality issues resolved, sufficient biomass supply available from sustainable sources | Industry | £80 | Low | EWP 07 MACC |
B2 | Electric Furnaces - Grant support | 2% | High | Carbon intensity of electricity << gas | Industry - high temperature (Glass, metals) | £88 | Very High | None found - assume this is higher than CCS for coal - otherwise electricity will not be low enough in carbon to make this measure viable |
B3 | CCS for Refineries Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | 23% | Medium | 1) Technology is proven 2) Economics OK 3) OSPAR/waste issues sorted | Refineries | £120 | High | EWP 07 MACC |
B4 | CCS for Industry Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | 28% | High | 1) Technology is proven 2) Economics OK 3) OSPAR/waste issues sorted | Industry - large sites | £144 | High | EWP 07 MACC + 20% for smaller scale |
B5 | Building Regulations to require 25% less carbon in refurbished commercial buildings from 2010 | 3% | Low | Commercial buildings refurbished once every 25 years | Services - new buildings | £50 | Mid | Taken from EWP 07 MACC. Should match cost for public sector |
B6 | EfW - AD Grant support | 1.6% | Medium | RO Banding in place, landfill tax continues to rise, waste policy favourable | Industry | -£1,288 | Low | E&Y report to BERRURN 07/1468 |
Ref | Option | Influencing factors |
|---|
State of technology | Significant other impact | Type | Other issues |
|---|
B1 | Biomass Grant support | Newly Deployed | +Employment
+Security of Supply | Fiscal | May be shortage of biomass
Could be CHP increasing savings but requiring more fuel |
B2 | Electric Furnaces - Grant support | Mature | | Fiscal | Will have result in a modest increase in electricity demand |
B3 | CCS for Refineries Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | Pilot Plant | +Air Quality | Regulatory / planning | CCS focus will be power stations - assume that technology scales down to smaller sites. Some opportunities for multi site schemes - around Grangemouth |
B4 | CCS for Industry Planning - strategic projects and CO 2 pipelines | Pilot Plant | +Air Quality | Regulatory / planning | CCS focus will be power stations - assume that technology scales down to smaller sites. Some opportunities for multi site schemes - around Grangemouth |
B5 | Building Regulations to require 25% less carbon in refurbished commercial buildings from 2010 | Near market | | Regulatory / | |
B6 | EfW - AD Grant support | Pilot Plant | +Reduction of biomass to landfill | Fiscal | Savings include electricity generation
Savings do not include avoided methane emissions in landfills |
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