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Endnotes
i In line with the Cabinet Office paper , the Catalyst report and the IAS factsheet (2008) Alcohol and Health the following conditions are regarded as partially alcohol related.
Table i. Diseases associated with alcohol abuse |
|---|
neoplasms | circulatory | gastrointestinal | Injuries and adverse events |
|---|
Colo-rectal cancer | Sub arachnoid haemorrhage | Acute pancreatitis | Assaults |
Oro-pharyngeal cancer | Haemorrhagic stroke | Chronic pancreatitis | Accidental drownings |
Naso-pharyngeal caner | Essential hypertension | | Falls |
Oesophageal cancer | Ischaemic heart disease | | Accidents die to fire/flames |
Breast cancer | | | Occupational injures |
Liver cancer | | | Motor vehicle accidents |
| | | Suicide |
Although the Royal College of Physicians in A Growing Evil: - The Medical Consequences of Alcohol Abuse (1987) produced a much longer, and more detailed list of medical problems. The WHO has also published a long list of conditions with a range of alcohol attributable fractions. This is shown in Appendix 1 of Alcohol misuse: how much does it cost? Table i is the basis of the low estimates for indirect healthcare use in the Cabinet paper; the WHO list is the basis of the high estimates. There is ongoing work in Scotland to revise the classification of diseases associated with alcohol use and alcohol attributable fractions.
ii Those with a reference to alcohol in the title : i.e. drunkenness and drunk driving
iii Primary fires are reportable fires or any fires involving casualties, rescues, or fires attended by five or more appliances regardless of its actual physical location. (Reportable fires are fires which occur in a. Buildings, Caravans, trailers etc; b. Vehicles and other methods of transport (not derelict); c. Outdoor storage, plant and machinery ; d. Agricultural and forestry premises and property ; e. Other outdoor structures including post boxes, tunnels, bridges etc.)
iv Consistent with table i.
v The English legal system varies from the Scottish: crimes and offences are different: where possible costs have been attributed to crimes of assault, sexual offences; theft and vandalism.
vi The methodology for estimating the emotional and physical costs is based on health outcomes which were expressed as loss of QALYs which then had monetary values applied; these monetary values were sourced from research undertaken for the DfT.
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