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Chapter 1
1. Callum C. The UK smoking epidemic: Deaths in 1995. London: Health Education Authority, 1998.
2. Hole D. Passive smoking and associated causes of death in adults in Scotland. (268Kb) Edinburgh: NHS Health Scotland, 2004.
3. Scientific Committee on Tobacco and Health. Secondhand smoke: Review of evidence since 1998. (165Kb) London: Department of Health, 2004.
4. Gruer L, Parkinson J, Haw S, Moore M, Duffy S (2004) Reducing Smoking & Tobacco-related Harm: A key to transforming Scotland's health. Edinburgh: NHS Health Scotland.
5. Haw SJ, Gruer L. Changes in exposure of adult non-smokers to secondhand smoke after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: national cross sectional survey. BMJ 2007;335:549-52.
6. Haw S, Gruer, L, Amos, A, Currie, C, Fischbacher, C, Fong, GT, et al. Legislation on smoking in enclosed public places in Scotland: how will we evaluate the impact? Journal of Public Health 2006; 28:24-30.
7. Semple S, Creely, KS, Naji, A, Miller, BJ, Ayres, JG. Second hand smoke levels in Scottish Pubs: the effect of the smoke-free legislation. Tobacco Control 2007; 16:127-132.
8. Smoke-free Legislation: National Compliance Data http://www.clearingtheairscotland.com/latest/indext.html.
9. Menzies D, Nair A, Williamson PA et al. Respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function, and markers of inflammation among bar workers before and after a legislative ban on smoking in public places. JAMA 2006; 296:1742-48.
10. Akhtar PC, Currie DB, Currie CE, HAW SJ. Changes in child exposure to environmental tobacco smoke ( CHETS) study after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland : national cross sectional survey. BMJ 2007; 335: 545.
11. Prof J Pell, personal communication
12. Source: ISD Scotland
13. Source: ISD Scotland
14. Source: The essentiagroup/ NHS Health Scotland
15. Source: Scottish Household Survey
16. Source: SALSUS (children interviewed Aug-Dec 2006) - 23,000 pupils from S4 (13 year olds) and S6 (15 year olds) took part (approximately 18% of eligible children) with a response rate of 15%.
17. Source: NHS Health Scotland. Unpublished data from the Health Education Population Survey.
Chapter 2
18. Report of Poverty in Scotland 2007 edited by John H McKendrick, Gerry Mooney, John Dickie and Peter Kelly, 'Published by CPAG (Child Poverty Action Group) in association with Scottish Poverty Information Unit and Poverty Alliance (2007), ISBN 978-1-901698-97-8.
Chapter 3
19. Meltzer, H., Gatward, R., Goodman, R., & Ford, T. 1999, The mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain. Report of a survey carried out by the Social Survey Division of the Office for National Statistics Chapter 6.
20. Association for Infant Mental Health, 2007, "An Infant Mental Health Service: the importance of the early years and evidence-based practice." www.aimh.org.uk, accessed 09/10/07.
21. Huttenlocher, P. R & Dabholkar, A.S. 1997, "Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex", Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 387, no. 2, pp. 167-178.
22. Balbernie, R. 2001, "Circuits and circumstances: the neurobiological consequences of early relationship experiences and how they shape later behaviour.", Journal of Child Psychotherapy, vol. 27, pp. 237-255.
23. Thompson, R.A. 1999, "Early attachment and later development." In "Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research and Clinical Applications." Eds. Cassidy, J. & Shaver, P.R. New York: The Guilford Press.
24. Sroufe, L.A., Egeland, B., Carlson, E.A. & Collins, W.A. 2005, "The Development of the Person: the Minnasota Study of Risk and Adaptation from Birth to Adulthood." New York: The Guildford Press.
25. A science-based framework for early childhood policy. Center on the developing Child, Harvard. www.developingchild.harvard.edu
26. Cannon, T. D., Kaprio, J., Lonnqvist, J., & et al. 1998, "The genetic epidemiology of schizophrenia in a Finnish twin cohort: a population-based modelling study.", Archives of General Psychiatry, vol. 55, pp. 67-74.
27. Cooke, M. A., Peters, E. R., Greenwood, K. E., Fisher, P. L., Kumari, V., & Kuipers, E. 2007, "Insight in psychosis: influence of cognitive ability and self-esteem", British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 191, pp. 234-237.
28. de Zulueta, F. 2006, "The treatment of psychological trauma from the perspective of attachment research", Journal of Family Therapy, vol. 28, pp. 334-351.
29. Green Jonathan & Goldwyn Ruth 2002, "Annotation: Attachment disorganisation and psychopathology: new findings in attachment research and their potential implications for developmental psychopathology in childhood", Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, vol. 43, no. 7, pp. 835-846.
30. Schore, A. N. 2001, "Effects of a secure attachment relationship on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health.", Infant Mental Health Journal, vol. 22, no. 1-2, pp. 7-66.
31. Kilcommons, A. M. & Morrison, A. P. 2005, "Relationships between trauma and psychosis: an exploration of cognitive and dissociated factors", Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol. 112, pp. 351-359.
32. Meltzer 2003, The mental health of young people looked after by local authorities in England, London, HMSO.
33. Rushton, A. & Mayes, D. 1997, "Forming fresh attachments in childhood: A research update", Child and Family Social Work, vol. 2, pp. 121-127.
34. Lyons-Ruth, K., Dutra, L., Schuder, M. R., & Bianchi, I. 2006, "From infant attachment disorganisation to adult dissociation: relational adaptations or traumatic experiences?", Psychiatric Clinics of North America, vol. 29, pp. 63-86.
35. Gillberg, C. 1995, Clinical Child Neuropsychiatry. University Press, Cambridge.
36. Miniscalco, C., Nygren, G., Hagberg, B., Kadesjo, B., & Gillberg, C. 2006, "Neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental outcome of children at age 6 and 7 years who screened positive for language problems at 30 months", Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 361-366.
37. Gillberg, I. C., Rastam, M., & Gillberg, C. 1995, "Anorexia Nervosa 6 years after onset: part I. Personality Disorders", Comprehensive Psychiatry, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 61-69.
38. Shonkoff, J.P. & Phillips, D.A. 2000, "From Neurons to Neighbourhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development. Washington DC: National Academic Press.
39. SNAP Working Group 2003, Needs Assessment Report on Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Public Health Institute of Scotland.
40. Child Health Support Group Inpatient Working Group 2004, Psychiatric Inpatient Services for Children and Young People in Scotland: A Way Forward, Scottish Executive .
Chapter 4
41. Anderson S, Bradshaw P, Cunningham-Burley S, Hayes F et al. Growing Up in Scotland: a Study Following the Lives of Scotland's Children. Sweep 1 Overview Report, 2007 http://www.growingupinscotland.org.uk/
42. Gruer L et al. Hidden Harm: responding to the needs of children of problem drug users. London, Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs Home Office, 2003. www.drugs.gov.uk
43. Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey ( SALSUS) National Report 2006. http://www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org/publications/local/SALSUS_2006.pdf
44. Gruer L et al. Pathways to Problems: hazardous use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs by young people in the UK and its implications for policy. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, Home Office, London 2006. www.drugs.gov.uk
45. Board of Science and Education and Tobacco Control Resource Centre. Smoking and reproductive life: the impact of smoking on sexual, reproductive and child health. London, British Medical Association 2004. http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/AttachmentsByTitle/PDFsmokingreproductivelife/$FILE/smoking.pdf
46. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Lynskey MT. Maternal smoking before and after pregnancy: effects on behavioural outcomes in middle childhood. Paediatrics 1993; 92: 815-822.
47. Brennan PA, Grekin ER, Mednick SA. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and adult male criminal outcomes. Archives of General Psychiatry 1999; 56: 215-219.
48. Erik Lykke Mortensen, Kim Fleischer Michaelsen, Stephanie A. Sanders, June Machover Reinisch. A dose-response relationship between maternal smoking during late pregnancy and adult intelligence in male offspring. Paediatric and Preinatal Epidemiology 2005; 19: 4-11.
49. O'Leary C. Fetal alcohol syndrome: a review. National Expert Advisory Committee on Alcohol. Australia, 2002.
50. Board of Science Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders- a guide for health care professionals. London, British Medical Association 2007. http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/Fetalalcohol
51. Good Practice Guidance for working with Children and Families affected by Substance Misuse. Scottish Executive 2003
52. Board of Science and Education and Tobacco Control Resource Centre. Smoking and reproductive life: the impact of smoking on sexual, reproductive and child health. London, British Medical Association, 2004. http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/AttachmentsByTitle/PDFsmokingreproductivelife/$FILE/smoking.pdf
53. Tappin DM, Lumsden MA, Gilmour WH, Crawford Fet al. Randomised control trial of home-based motivational interviews by midwives to help pregnant smokers quit or cut down. British Medical Journal 2005; 331: 373-377.
54. Government Response to Hidden Harm. Department for Education and Skills, London 2005. http://drugs.homeoffice.gov.uk/publication-search/young-people/hidden-harm?view=Binary
55. Hidden Harm - Next Steps: Supporting Children Working with Parents. Scottish Executive, Edinburgh 2006. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/05/05144237/16
Chapter 5
56. Scottish Office (1996) Eating for Health: A Diet Action Plan for Scotland. Edinburgh: HMSO.
57. Scottish Office (1999) Towards a Healthier Scotland: A White Paper on Health. Edinburgh: The Stationery Office.
58. "Hungry for Success" (2003) Scottish Executive.
59. Wilson AC, Forsyth JS, Greene SA et.al. (1998) Relation of infant diet to childhood health: seven year follow up cohort of children in Dundee infant feeding study. British Medical Journal 316: 21-25.
60. Boyd et al (2006) Donor breast milk versus infant formula for preterm infants systematic review and meta-analysis 92 (3) F169 - Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition.
61. DOH (2005) The Infant Feeding Survey, DOH, London.
62. ISD (2006) http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/1764.html (28 September 2007)
63. NICE (2005) The Effectiveness of Public Health Interventions to promote the duration of breastfeeding - a systematic review. www.nice.org.uk (20 July 2007).
64. MacPherson RS, Montgomery DH and Nichaman MZ (1995) Nutritional status of children: what do we know? Journal of Nutrition Education 27, 225-234.
65. Cooke C, Currie C, Higginson C, Inchley J, Mathieson A, Merson M and Young I (2005) (Eds) Growing through Adolescence: Evidence and Overview. Edinburgh: Health Scotland.
66. See www.hbsc.org for further information on the HBSC study
67. See www.education.ed.ac.uk/cahru for further information on CAHRU and to download publications from the HBSC study in Scotland.
68. Alexander L, Currie C, Todd J and Smith R. (2004). HBSC Briefing Paper: How are Scotland's young people doing? A cross-national perspective on physical activity, TV viewing, eating habits, body image and oral hygiene. CAHRU: University of Edinburgh.
69. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk P, Boyce W, Vereecken C, Mulvihill C, Roberts C, Currie C, Pickett W, The Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Obesity Working Group (2005). Comparison of overweight and obesity prevalence in school-aged youth from 34 countries and their relationships with physical activity and dietary patterns. Obesity Reviews, 6 (2), 123.
70. Vereecken C, Ojala K, Jordan MD (2004) Eating habits. In: Currie C, Roberts C, Morgan A, Smith R, Settertobulte W, Samdal O, Rasmussen V. (eds). Young People's Health in Context; Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children: WHO Cross-National Study ( HBSC), International Report from the 2001/02 survey, WHO, Copenhagen.
71. Vereecken C and Maes L. (2000) Eating habits, dental care and dieting. In: Currie C, Hurrelmann K, Settertobulte W, Smith R and Todd J (eds). (2000). 'Health and Health Behaviour Among Young People' [International Report from the 1997/98 HBSC survey]. WHO Policy Series: Health policy for children and adolescents. Issue.
72. Scottish Executive (2007) Schools (Nutrition and Health Promotion) (Scotland) Bill.
Chapter 6
73. "Our National Health: A Plan for Action, A Plan for change" (2000) Scottish Executive
74. "Hungry for success" (2003) Scottish Executive
75. Schools (Health Promotion and Nutrition) (Scotland) Act 2007 Scottish Executive
76. "National Physical Activity Strategy" (2003) Scottish Executive
77. "A Curriculum for Excellence" (2004) Scottish Executive
78. "Being Well Doing Well" Scottish Health Promoting Schools Unit 2005
79. How Good is Our School Her Majesty's Inspectorate For Education 2004
80. World Health Organisations Commission on the Social Determinants of Health, established March 2005
81. "Measuring the Effects of Education on Health and Civic Engagement" Proceedings of the Copenhagen Symposium. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD) 2006
82. "Measuring the Effects of Education on Health and Civic Engagement" Proceedings of the Copenhagen Symposium. Page 7 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD) 2006
83. HSBC Briefing Paper 13 March 2007 Child & Adolescent Health Research Unit ( CAHRU) The University of Edinburgh
Chapter 7
84. Health Protection Agency, October 2005: Health Protection in the 21st Century - Understanding the Burden of Disease (The burden of infectious diseases)
85. Hawker JI et al, 2003 Respiratory Medicine Volume 97, Issue 11, November 2003, Pages 1219-1224 Social deprivation and hospital admission for respiratory infection: an ecological study
86. ISD - [Scottish] Childhood Immunisations - Uptake rates by deprivation, July - Sept 2003: http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/ch-immunisation.jsp?pContentID=2655&p_applic=CCC&p_service=Content.show&
Chapter 8
87. World Heath Organisation. Children's environment and health action plan for Europe. http://www.euro.who.int/document e8.3338.pdf Euro/04/5046267/7 World Health organisation. Accessed 18,4.2005.
88. G.P. Morris, S.A. Beck, P. Hanlon, P and R. Robertson Getting strategic about environment and health. Public Health Vol 120, Issue 10 October 2006. Pages 889-903.
Chapter 9
89. England and Wales - police research group
90. WHO report on Violence (2002)
91. Sheridan.M, Moller.J; Alleged assault in April 2005. Unpublished. Presented to UK College of Emergency Medicine Academic Conference Nov 2005 and Justice 2 committee, Scottish Parliament. January 2006.
92. Farrington DP Discussion Paper Violence, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, vol 86, Issue 2 89-92.
93. 55% of all murders in Strathclyde 2006/2007 were committed within a residential setting - the majority were male upon male.
94. Wave report. www.wavetrust.org
95. How small children make a big difference. Provocation series volume 3 Number 1 The work foundation. Alan Sinclair.
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