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Services and Lifestyle
Access and Convenience of Services
Figure 5: Percentage Within 15 Minute Drive Time of Service by Geographic Area, 2006
Source: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, 2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Uran Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Figure 5 shows that, in general, those in rural areas are less likely to live within a 15 minute drive to key services, than in the rest of Scotland are. This is particularly true for those in remote rural areas, where only 53% live within a 15 minute drive of shopping facilities, compared to 87% in accessible rural areas and only 86% live within a 15 minute drive of a GP, compared to 99% in accessible rural areas. The only service of which everyone lives within a 15 minute drive, regardless of area, is the Post Office.
Figure 6: Percentage Within 15 Minute Drive Time by Public Transport of Service by Geographic Area, 2006
Source: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, 2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification 2005-2006)
Figure 6 shows that a lower percentage of those in rural areas than those in the rest of Scotland are within a 15 minute drive by public transport of key services. For those in remote rural areas the percentage is particularly low, with only 38% within 15 minutes of a GP by public transport and 20% of shopping facilities. In all geographic areas, some areas are not within 15 minutes by public transport of the key services listed.
Figure 7: Percentage Finding Services Very or Fairly Convenient by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
Source: Scottish Household Survey 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Figure 7 shows that, in general, a lower percentage of people in rural areas find that services are convenient. This is particularly so for accessible rural areas. However, there are services such as the Post Office and the doctors surgery, which those in remote rural areas find more convenient than those in the rest of Scotland.
Table 10: Households with Home Internet Access by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Yes | 58% | 59% | 49% |
|---|
No | 42% | 41% | 51% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 10 shows that households in rural Scotland are more likely to have home internet access than those in the rest of Scotland.
Table 11: Whether Household has Broadband Connection by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Yes | 25% | 35% | 34% |
|---|
No | 75% | 65% | 65% |
|---|
Don't know | 0% | 0% | 1% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 11 shows that households in remote rural areas are less likely to have a broadband connection than in accessible rural areas or the rest of Scotland.
Table 12: Households Recycling Items in the Past Month by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Glass bottles | 67% | 68% | 56% |
|---|
Plastic | 35% | 53% | 47% |
|---|
Metal cans | 45% | 57% | 47% |
|---|
Newspaper/magazine/paper/cardboard | 69% | 84% | 76% |
|---|
One or more of these items | 81% | 88% | 80% |
|---|
None of these | 19% | 12% | 20% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
Columns add to more than 100% since multiple responses were allowed
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 12 shows that those in accessible rural areas, are more likely to recycle than those in remote rural areas and those in the rest of Scotland. Those in remote rural areas are less likely to recycle plastic or newspaper/magazine/paper/cardboard but more likely to recycle glass bottles than the rest of Scotland.
Travel Patterns
Table 13: Cars Normally Available for Private Use by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
None | 15% | 14% | 35% |
|---|
One | 51% | 46% | 44% |
|---|
Two | 28% | 33% | 18% |
|---|
Three or more | 6% | 7% | 3% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 13 shows that rural households have greater access to one or more cars than those in the rest of Scotland.
Table 14: How Adults Usually Travel to Work/Education by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Walking | 13% | 7% | 17% |
|---|
Driver car/van | 70% | 72% | 53% |
|---|
Passenger car/van | 5% | 6% | 8% |
|---|
Bicycle | 2% | 1% | 2% |
|---|
Bus (ordinary, school or works) | 6% | 9% | 14% |
|---|
Rail | 1% | 3% | 5% |
|---|
Other | 3% | 2% | 2% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Adults in work or education, excluding those who work from home)
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 14 shows that people in rural areas are more likely to drive to work/education than people in the rest of Scotland. The table also shows that people in the rest of Scotland are more likely to walk, car share or take public transport to work/education than those in rural areas.
Table 15: How School Children Normally Travel to School by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Walking | 27% | 30% | 58% |
|---|
Driver car/van | 16% | 20% | 21% |
|---|
Bicycle | 0% | 1% | 1% |
|---|
Bus (ordinary, school or works) | 54% | 46% | 18% |
|---|
Rail | 0% | 1% | 1% |
|---|
Other | 3% | 2% | 1% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 15 shows that children in rural areas are more likely to travel to school by bus than any other mode of transport, whereas children in the rest of Scotland are more likely to walk.
Figure 8: Percentage of Working Population Living and Working in Area by Geographic Area, 2001
Source: General Register Office for Scotland, 2001 Census
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2003-2004)
Figure 8 gives an indication of the relationship between where people live and where they commute to work in. For those living in remote rural areas, the majority also work in remote rural areas (68%). For those living in accessible rural areas, 46% work in accessible rural areas, but 52% commute to work in the rest of Scotland. For those living in the rest of Scotland, 91% also work in the rest of Scotland.
Figure 9: Total Expenditure on Fuel for Cars per Month by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
Source: Scottish Household Survey 2005/2006
Bars may not add up to 100% due to rounding
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Figure 9 shows that residents in rural Scotland are more likely than those in the rest of Scotland to spend over £100 per month on fuel for their cars. This is particularly true in accessible rural Scotland with 36% of respondents indicating that they spend over £100 per month on fuel. 30% of respondents in remote rural Scotland spend over £100 a month, with only 23% of respondents in the rest of Scotland indicating that they spent over £100 per month.
Childcare and Education
Table 16: Main Service Type Provided by Childcare Centres by Geographic Area, January 2007
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Nursery | 66% | 55% | 55% |
|---|
Playgroup | 21% | 22% | 11% |
|---|
Out of school club | 8% | 17% | 19% |
|---|
Crèche | 2% | 2% | 4% |
|---|
Children/family centre | 1% | 0% | 4% |
|---|
Sitter service | 0% | 0% | 0% |
|---|
Holiday play scheme | 0% | 1% | 2% |
|---|
No single main service | 1% | 1% | 2% |
|---|
Unkown | 1% | 1% | 2% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Children, Young People and Social Care Statistics, Scottish Government
Note: The base numbers for childcare centres are 417 for remote rural, 637 for accessible rural and 3,254 for rest of Scotland.
Seven childcare centres were of unknown geographic area, 6 claiming nursery as their main service and 1 claiming sitter service.
An additional 142 registered centres were either closed or not operating at the time of the census.
Where possible, where centres did not provide information on the main service provided, information provided in 2006 has been used.
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 16 shows that nursery is the most common main service provided by a childcare centre in all areas of Scotland. The proportion of childcare centres that identify nursery as their main service is significantly higher in remote rural areas. Following nursery, playgroup is the second most common main service provided by childcare centres in rural areas.
Table 17: Highest Qualifications Held by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
O Grade or equivalent | 19% | 19% | 20% |
|---|
H Grade/A level or equivalent | 24% | 21% | 22% |
|---|
HNC/ HND or equivalent | 11% | 11% | 10% |
|---|
Degree, professional qualification or higher | 26% | 28% | 23% |
|---|
None of these | 20% | 21% | 26% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 17 shows that a higher percentage of adults in rural areas hold further education or professional qualifications than in the rest of Scotland.
Table 18: Destination of School Leavers from Public Funded Secondary Schools by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Higher education | 33% | 32% | 30% |
|---|
Further education | 19% | 22% | 24% |
|---|
Training | 3% | 4% | 5% |
|---|
Employment | 34% | 27% | 26% |
|---|
Unemployed and actively seeking employment or training | 7% | 11% | 11% |
|---|
Unemployed and not actively seeking employment or training | 3% | 2% | 2% |
|---|
Not known | 1% | 2% | 2% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Executive, Destination of Leavers from Scottish Schools, 2005/2006
Based on the postcode of the student's school
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 18 shows that rural areas have higher percentages of school leavers going into full-time higher education. Remote rural areas have the highest percentage of school leavers going into employment.
Table 19: Average Tariff Score of S4 Pupils and Percentage Registered for Free School Meals by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Average tariff score | 189 | 186 | 168 |
|---|
Percentage registered for free school meals | 7% | 7% | 16% |
|---|
Number of pupils | 4,373 | 7,499 | 48,673 |
|---|
Note: Not all pupils could be assigned an urban/rural classification due to lack of address details.
This table includes 60,545 out of a total of 61,164 pupils.
Source: Scottish Executive, SQA Attainment and School Leaver qualifications in Scotland, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 19 shows that pupils in S4 at schools in rural areas have higher average tariff scores than equivalent pupils in the rest of Scotland. Table 19 also shows that a lower percentage of pupils in S4 are registered for free school meals in the rural areas than in the rest of Scotland.
Health
Figure 10: Life Expectancy at Birth by Geographic Area, 2004
Source: General Register Office for Scotland, 2007
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2003-2004)
Figure 10* shows that in all areas of Scotland, the life expectancy of females is higher than that of males. It can also be seen that the life expectancy of males and females in Scotland, is higher in rural areas than in the rest of Scotland.
For males, the life expectancy in remote rural and accessible rural areas is 76 years, over 2 years more than in rest of Scotland. For females, the life expectancy in remote rural is 81 years, which is also 2 years more than in rest of Scotland.
*Note that the population estimates used to calculate these life expectancy figures have since been revised by the General Register Office for Scotland.
Table 20: Rate of Hospital Admissions (Emergency and Cancer) (2005) and % of Population Prescribed Drugs for Anxiety, Depression or Psychosis (2004) by Geographic Area
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Emergency admissions (both sexes,all ages) rate per 100,000 population (2005) | 8,528 | 7,952 | 9,617 |
|---|
Cancer admissions (both sexes,all ages) rate per 100,000 population (2005) | 2,711 | 2,571 | 2,794 |
|---|
% of population prescribed drugs for anxiety, depression or psychosis (2004) | 7% | 7% | 8% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics, 2007 (based on data zones)
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 20 shows that rest of Scotland has a higher rate of emergency admissions than either remote rural or accessible rural areas.
The rates for cancer admissions are very similar in all three areas.
For prescribed drugs for anxiety, depression or psychosis, rest of Scotland again has the highest percentage, but the percentages are similar across geographic areas.
Table 21: Whether Respondent Smokes by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Yes | 19% | 22% | 27% |
|---|
No | 81% | 78% | 73% |
|---|
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|---|
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 21 shows that a higher percentage of people in the rest of Scotland are likely to smoke, compared to people in rural areas. Overall, remote rural areas have the fewest people who are likely to smoke.
Housing
Figure 11: Housing Tenure by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Figure 11 shows that more people own their homes in rural Scotland, either outright or with the help of a loan/mortgage, than in the rest of Scotland. Renting housing from Local Authorities/Scottish Homes or Housing Associations/Co-op is less common in rural Scotland relative to the rest of Scotland.
Figure 12: Property Type by Geographic Area, 2005/2006
Source: Scottish Household Survey, 2005/2006
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Figure 12 shows that the houses in rural Scotland tend to be detached or semi-detached unlike the rest of Scotland where flats/maisonettes or terraced houses are more common.
Table 22: Use of Housing Stock by Geographic Area, 2001
| Occupied Household Space | Unoccupied Household Space | Unoccupied space. Second Residence/ Holiday Accommodation | Unoccupied space. Vacant Household Space |
|---|
Remote Rural | 84% | 16% | 11% | 5% |
|---|
Accessible Rural | 94% | 6% | 2% | 4% |
|---|
Rest of Scotland | 96% | 4% | 0% | 4% |
|---|
Source: General Register Office for Scotland, Census 2001
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2003-2004)
Table 22 shows the percentage of the housing stock that is occupied and unoccupied by geographic area. Remote rural areas have the lowest percentage of occupied household space with 84% occupied. Of the 16% unoccupied space in remote rural areas, 11% is unoccupied as a result of second residence/holiday accommodation and 5% is vacant. There are much lower percentages of unoccupied household space in accessible rural areas and the rest of Scotland, but that which is unoccupied, tends to be vacant.
Table 23: House Sales (Average Prices and Total Number) by Geographic Area, 2006
| Remote Rural | Accessible Rural | Rest of Scotland |
|---|
Total number of house sales | 8,403 | 17,814 | 141,613 |
|---|
Average price (£) | 156,679 | 164,695 | 128,642 |
|---|
Median price (£) | 118,000 | 136,287 | 97,000 |
|---|
Source: Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics, 2007 (based on data zones)
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Table 23 shows total house sales by geographic area and the average and median house prices for those sales. The vast majority of house sales are in rest of Scotland, but average house prices are lowest in this area. The highest average price is in accessible rural areas, £8,000 higher than in remote rural areas and £36,000 higher than in rest of Scotland. It is important to note that these prices are based only on prices for properties sold and not values of all properties in the area. The prices will also depend on property type which is not adjusted for.
Figure 13: Energy Efficiency Rating by Geographic Area, 2004/2005
Source: Scottish House Condition Survey, 2004/2005
(Based on Scottish Executive Urban Rural Classification, 2005-2006)
Energy Efficiency can be measured using the National Home Energy Rating ( NHER). This procedure is based on a model (produced by the National Energy Services) of the theoretical costs of maintaining a standard heating regime for a standard level of occupancy derived from knowledge of the appliances, fuel sources, insulation, size and dwelling type of the premises. The model contains a factor for local climate variations to take into account differences across the UK.
Figure 13 shows that households in rural Scotland are much less energy efficient than the rest of Scotland. In remote rural areas, 7% of households were classified as having a good energy efficiency rating compared to 50% in the rest of Scotland. Households in remote rural areas are more likely to have poor energy efficiency than in the rest of Scotland with 23% of households being classed as having poor energy efficiency in remote rural areas compared to 3% of households in the rest of Scotland.
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