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FOOTNOTES
2. Mental ill-health scores were derived from the General Health Questionnaire ( GHQ12) section of the survey. Further details on the GHQ12 and the associated scoring system are provided in the Glossary of Terms.
3. Respondents' levels of mental wellbeing were derived from their responses to the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale ( WEMWBS). Further details on WEMWBS and the wellbeing classification derived from the scale can be found in the Glossary of Terms.
4. For the Scottish Recovery Network, recovery is not simply about the absence of symptoms, but about giving people the tools to become active participants in their own health care and having a belief, drive and commitment to the principle that people can and do recover control in their lives, even where they may continue to live with ongoing symptoms.
5. OAs are the smallest unit of census geography for which data is provided. Each OA contains around 50 households.
6. The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation ( SIMD) identifies the most deprived areas across Scotland. It is based on 31 indicators in the six individual domains of Current Income, Employment, Housing, Health, Education, Skills and Training and Geographic Access to Services and Telecommunications.
7. The reason for this difference is unclear. Certainly, there are no obvious methodological explanations - no changes were made to the relevant section of the CAPI script or to the accompanying showcard for the 2006 survey.
8. In the Scottish Household Survey, the income of respondents who have refused to answer or given a 'don't know' response is imputed from other data collected in the survey.
9. For the purposes of the survey, the Scottish Executive's six fold urban/rural classification had been adopted. This is based on settlement size and remoteness (measured by drive times) allowing more detailed geographical analysis to be conducted on a larger sample size. The classification being used in this report is the latest version.
10. The GHQ12 is a measure of possible psychiatric morbidity or mental ill-health. Each item in the GHQ12 asks whether the respondent has experienced a particular symptom or feeling on a scale ranging from 'less than usual' to 'more than usual'. In the present study responses were scored in accordance with the bimodal scoring method outlined in A Users Guide to the General Health Questionnaire. Specifically, respondents were divided into two groups: those with an overall score of 4 or more, who are considered to exhibit signs of possible psychiatric disorder (hereafter referred to as high mental ill-health score) and those with scores of under 4 who are considered to display no or few signs of possible psychiatric disorder (hereafter referred to as a low mental ill-health score).
11. WEMWBS is a relatively new scale which measures positive mental wellbeing. Because validation of the WEMWBS is ongoing, there is, as yet, no set approach to classifying responses to the scale. For the purposes of the present study it was decided to split the sample into three groups, on the basis of their combined scores for the constituent items of WEMWBS. The three groups are those with 'good' mental wellbeing (a WEMWBS score of over one standard deviation above the mean score), those with 'average' mental wellbeing (a WEMWBS score within one standard deviation of the mean) and those with 'poor' mental wellbeing (a WEMWBS score of more than one standard deviation below the mean).
12. 3 was chosen as the cut off point as it represented a majority of positive responses
13. The correlation coefficient was -0.542
14. The three categories were selected following initial analysis of respondents' WEMWBS results which revealed that respondents' scores were either in line with or at least one standard deviation above or below the mean.
15. O'Connor et al, 2007. Predicting Short-term Outcome in Wellbeing Following Suicidal Behaviour: The Conjoint Effects of Social Perfectionism and Positive Future Thinking. Behaviour Research and Therapy 45, 1543-1555.
16. The Mind Out for Mental Health survey was commissioned by UK Department of Health in association with the Mental Health Foundation, Mind and the National Schizophrenia Fellowship (see www.mind.org.uk)
17. Mental Health and Employment survey: Dublin: Workway.
18. For the Scottish Recovery Network, recovery is not simply about the absence of symptoms, but about giving people the tools to become active participants in their own health care and having a belief, drive and commitment to the principle that people can and do recover control in their lives, even where they may continue to live with ongoing symptoms
19. Because a high proportion of respondents were presented with only the first two questions from the GHQ12, these two individual components were included in the analysis in place of GHQ12 score.
20. Income is not listed as the high level of item refusals for this variable meant it was not viable to include it in the analysis.
21. Wolpert (2001) mentions the reluctance of people to work alongside those who have depression because depressed individuals are seen to have a negative impact on those with whom they interact.
22. i.e. knowing someone who has experienced a mental health problem
23. NS- SEC is an occupationally based classification which has been introduced to all official statistics and surveys to replace the use of Socio-Economic Groups ( SEG). More information on the definition of NS- SEC can be found at www.statistics.gov.uk/methods_quality/ns_sec
24. 'A users guide to the General Health Questionnaire' Goldberg & Williams, published by nferNelson, 1988
25. O'Connor et al, 2007. Predicting Short-term Outcome in Wellbeing Following Suicidal Behaviour: The Conjoint Effects of Social Perfectionism and Positive Future Thinking. Behaviour Research and Therapy, in press.
26. In 2002 different response codes were used for this question meaning the results are not directly comparable. Thus they are excluded from this table and no sub-group analysis was conducted for this question.
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