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APPENDIX B: TABLES (RESULTS FROM THE QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY)
Tables from Chapter Four listed sequentially.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SAMPLE
Table 1 Response rates by survey location
Survey Location | Properties visited | Returned Questionnaires | Response Rate
(%) |
|---|
Brechin | 67 | 46 | 68.7 |
|---|
Edinburgh | 539 | 316 | 58.6 |
|---|
Elgin | 412 | 237 | 57.5 |
|---|
Forres | 444 | 261 | 58.8 |
|---|
Glasgow-Shettleston | 262 | 113 | 43.1 |
|---|
Hawick & Newcastleton | 115 | 55 | 47.8 |
|---|
Perth | 246 | 126 | 51.2 |
|---|
Scattered rural & coastal (by post) | 236 | 69 | 29.2 |
|---|
TOTAL | 2,321 | 1,223 | 52.7 |
|---|
Table 2 Extent of flooding within the sample
Extent of flooding | Number of Respondents | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Flooded properties: | 633 | 51.8 |
|---|
Home flooded | 593 | 48.5 |
|---|
Communal stair flooded, but not home | 24 | 2.0 |
|---|
Home, communal stair, garden, outhouse or garage flooded (Brechin pilot study flooded respondents) | 16 | 1.3 |
|---|
Properties not flooded: | 590 | 48.2 |
|---|
Garden only flooded | 110 | 9.0 |
|---|
Outhouse or garage flooded, but not communal stair or home | 91 | 7.4 |
|---|
Not flooded at all | 389 | 31.8 |
|---|
TOTAL | 1,223 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 3 Age of household members
Age group | Number of households with age group represented | Per cent of households with age group represented |
|---|
Child under 10 years | 160 | 13.1 |
|---|
Child 10-15 years | 129 | 10.5 |
|---|
Adult 16-24 years | 168 | 13.7 |
|---|
Adult 25-69 years | 891 | 72.9 |
|---|
Adult 70+ years | 271 | 22.2 |
|---|
Table 4 Occupational group of highest earner in household
Occupational group | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Managers and senior officials | 74 | 8.8 |
|---|
Professional | 144 | 17.2 |
|---|
Associate professional and technical | 153 | 18.3 |
|---|
Administrative and secretarial | 91 | 10.9 |
|---|
Skilled trades | 135 | 16.1 |
|---|
Personal services | 44 | 5.3 |
|---|
Sales and customer services | 30 | 3.6 |
|---|
Process, plant and machine operatives | 83 | 9.9 |
|---|
Elementary occupations | 83 | 9.9 |
|---|
TOTAL | 837 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 5 Housing tenure
Housing tenure | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Owned with mortgage | 467 | 40.7 |
|---|
Owned outright | 400 | 34.9 |
|---|
Rented from council | 181 | 15.8 |
|---|
Rented from a housing association | 36 | 3.1 |
|---|
Rented from a private landlord or employer | 56 | 4.9 |
|---|
Other | 7 | 0.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 1,147 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 6 Type of housing
Housing type | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Detached | 206 | 19.0 |
|---|
Semi-detached | 177 | 16.3 |
|---|
Terraced/end terrace | 427 | 39.4 |
|---|
Tenement or other flat | 257 | 23.7 |
|---|
Caravan | 1 | 0.1 |
|---|
Other | 15 | 1.4 |
|---|
TOTAL | 1,083 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 7 Ground and upper floors in property
Floors of property | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Ground-floor only (bungalows and flats) | 448 | 43.1 |
|---|
Ground and upper floors (houses) | 511 | 49.2 |
|---|
Upper-floors only (flats) | 80 | 7.7 |
|---|
TOTAL | 1,039 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 8 Types of area
Type of area | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Urban | 555 | 45.4 |
|---|
Small town | 599 | 49.0 |
|---|
Rural | 69 | 5.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 1,223 | 100.0 |
|---|
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FLOODS
Table 9 Types of flood
Type of flood | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Fluvial | 1,045 | 85.4 |
|---|
Pluvial | 121 | 9.9 |
|---|
Coastal | 57 | 4.7 |
|---|
TOTAL | 1,223 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 10 Depth of flood water by type of flood (per cent of respondents)
Depth of flood water | Type of flood | TOTAL
n=592 |
|---|
Fluvial
n=513 | Pluvial
n=68 | Coastal
n=11 |
|---|
Under 2.5cm | 6.6 | 4.4 | - | 6.3 |
|---|
2.5-30cm | 34.7 | 27.9 | 27.3 | 33.8 |
|---|
Over 30cm | 58.7 | 67.6 | 72.7 | 60.0 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 3.235; df=4; p>0.01
Table 11 Mud, silt or sediment deposits by type of flood (per cent of respondents)
Mud, silt or sediment deposited? | Type of flood | TOTAL
n=617 |
|---|
Fluvial
n=533 | Pluvial
n=73 | Coastal
n=11 |
|---|
Yes | 80.9 | 86.3 | 72.7 | 81.4 |
|---|
No | 12.0 | 9.6 | 27.3 | 12.0 |
|---|
Don't know | 7.2 | 4.1 | - | 6.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 3.121; df=4; p>0.01
Table 12 Sewage deposits by type of flood (per cent of respondents)
Sewage deposited? | Type of flood | TOTAL
n=623 |
|---|
Fluvial
n=537 | Pluvial
n=75 | Coastal
n=11 |
|---|
Yes | 57.0 | 73.3 | 81.8 | 59.4 |
|---|
No | 15.1 | 17.3 | 18.2 | 15.4 |
|---|
Don't know | 27.9 | 9.3 | - | 25.2 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 16.038; df=4; p<0.01
Table 13 Number of times flooded by type of flood (per cent of respondents)
Number of times flooded | Type of flood | TOTAL
n=629 |
|---|
Fluvial
n=541 | Pluvial
n=76 | Coastal
n=12 |
|---|
One | 70.2 | 81.6 | 75.0 | 71.7 |
|---|
Two | 24.8 | 9.2 | 16.7 | 22.7 |
|---|
Three+ | 5.0 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 5.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 10.808; df=4; p>0.01
RESPONSES TO THE FLOODS
Table 14 Sources of flood warnings
Source of warning | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Neighbour | 118 | 31.8 | 43.2 |
|---|
Radio announcement | 36 | 9.7 | 13.2 |
|---|
Television announcement | 16 | 4.3 | 5.9 |
|---|
Automatic telephone message | 8 | 2.2 | 2.9 |
|---|
Telephone cascade system | 3 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
|---|
Floodline | 22 | 5.9 | 8.1 |
|---|
An official knocking at the door | 102 | 27.5 | 37.4 |
|---|
Loud hailer in the street | 22 | 5.9 | 8.1 |
|---|
Text message | 4 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
|---|
Phone call from an official | 1 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
|---|
Other | 39 | 10.5 | 14.3 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 371 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 273 | | 135.9 |
|---|
Table 15 Time between warning and flood
Time between warning and flood | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
Under one hour | 86 | 31.6 |
|---|
1-3 hours | 95 | 34.9 |
|---|
4-6 hours | 48 | 17.6 |
|---|
Over six hours | 43 | 15.8 |
|---|
TOTAL | 272 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 16 Actions taken prior to the flood
Action | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Deployed sandbags, flood guards or other defence | 216 | 23.0 | 37.4 |
|---|
Removed possessions from ground floor | 227 | 24.2 | 39.3 |
|---|
Household members vacated the house | 123 | 13.1 | 21.3 |
|---|
Moved car to higher ground | 196 | 20.9 | 33.9 |
|---|
Other | 18 | 1.9 | 3.1 |
|---|
No action taken | 158 | 16.8 | 27.3 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 938 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 578 | | 162.3 |
|---|
Table 17 Actions taken prior to the flood, by whether received flood warning (per cent of respondents)
Action | Received flood warning? |
|---|
Yes
n=242 | No
n=333 |
|---|
Deployed sandbags, flood guards or other defence | 45.9 | 31.2 |
|---|
Removed possessions from ground floor | 49.2 | 32.4 |
|---|
Household members vacated the house | 28.9 | 15.9 |
|---|
Moved car to higher ground | 39.7 | 30.0 |
|---|
Other | 2.9 | 3.0 |
|---|
No action taken | 13.2 | 37.5 |
|---|
Table 18 Actions taken prior to the flood, by time between warning and flood (per cent of respondents)
Action | Time between warning and flood |
|---|
<1 hr
n=82 | 1-3 hrs
n=90 | 4-6 hrs
n=44 | >6 hrs
n=43 |
|---|
Deployed sandbags, flood guards or other defence | 39.0 | 46.7 | 50.0 | 44.2 |
|---|
Removed possessions from ground floor | 37.8 | 43.3 | 56.8 | 67.4 |
|---|
Household members vacated the house | 23.2 | 25.6 | 25.0 | 32.6 |
|---|
Moved car to higher ground | 28.0 | 41.1 | 40.9 | 53.5 |
|---|
Other | 3.7 | 2.2 | - | 2.3 |
|---|
No action taken | 23.2 | 12.2 | 9.1 | 11.6 |
|---|
Table 19 Sources of assistance received
Source of assistance | Number of respondents receiving | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Friends/neighbours in the locality | 334 | 55.8 |
|---|
Friends outside the locality | 167 | 27.9 |
|---|
Family members outside your household | 319 | 53.3 |
|---|
Community group | 26 | 4.3 |
|---|
Local church | 42 | 7.0 |
|---|
Local businesses | 30 | 5.0 |
|---|
Local council | 126 | 21.0 |
|---|
Police Service | 75 | 12.5 |
|---|
Fire Service | 118 | 19.7 |
|---|
Landlord | 17 | 2.8 |
|---|
Other | 34 | 5.7 |
|---|
No assistance received | 63 | 10.5 |
|---|
Table 20 Temporary accommodation
Temporary accommodation | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Evacuation centre | 22 | 3.6 | 4.8 |
|---|
Homeless shelter | 6 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
|---|
Hotel or B&B | 78 | 12.9 | 16.9 |
|---|
Friends or relatives | 204 | 33.6 | 44.2 |
|---|
Rented from council or housing association | 59 | 9.7 | 12.8 |
|---|
Rented from private landlord | 183 | 30.1 | 39.6 |
|---|
Other | 55 | 9.1 | 11.9 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 607 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 462 | | 131.4 |
|---|
IMPACTS OF FLOODING
Table 21 Length of time unable to stay in home
Length of time unable to stay in home | Number of households | Per cent of households |
|---|
1-7 nights | 44 | 9.5 |
|---|
8-28 nights | 18 | 3.9 |
|---|
1-3 months | 47 | 10.2 |
|---|
4-6 months | 143 | 31.0 |
|---|
6+ months | 207 | 44.8 |
|---|
Still out of home | 3 | 0.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 462 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 22 Financial damage to building and contents
| Mean Damage (£) | N |
|---|
Buildings | 31,980 | 184 |
|---|
Contents | 13,552 | 260 |
|---|
Table 23 Work days lost
Type of leave | Mean work days lost by those affected | Mean work days lost per household |
|---|
Compassionate leave or sick leave
(cost borne by employer) | 9.8
(n=169) | 1.4 |
|---|
Annual leave
(cost borne by employee) | 6.3
(n=133) | 0.7 |
|---|
Unpaid leave
(cost borne by employee) | 10.4
(n=142) | 1.2 |
|---|
Table 24 Flood impacts
Impact | Overall impact on population* | Intensity of impact on those affected** |
|---|
Mean | N | Mean | N |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Financial loss | 1.53 | 563 | 1.69 | 508 |
|---|
Loss of house value | 1.36 | 557 | 1.70 | 443 |
|---|
Disruption to electricity supply | 1.33 | 550 | 1.63 | 449 |
|---|
Damage to car or van | 0.76 | 534 | 1.40 | 292 |
|---|
Used holiday entitlement | 0.65 | 530 | 1.19 | 288 |
|---|
AVERAGE SCORE | 1.12 | | 1.52 | |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Discomfort/inconvenience | 2.20 | 586 | 2.31 | 556 |
|---|
Stress of flood itself | 2.03 | 601 | 2.09 | 582 |
|---|
Having to leave home | 1.91 | 575 | 2.33 | 471 |
|---|
Dealing with insurers | 1.67 | 590 | 1.88 | 524 |
|---|
Living in temporary accommodation | 1.62 | 585 | 2.03 | 467 |
|---|
Dealing with builders | 1.62 | 578 | 1.97 | 474 |
|---|
Being stranded in/out of home | 1.62 | 556 | 1.88 | 478 |
|---|
AVERAGE SCORE | 1.81 | | 2.07 | |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Time and effort to return to normal | 2.21 | 591 | 2.33 | 560 |
|---|
Worry about future flooding | 2.14 | 601 | 2.21 | 581 |
|---|
Irreplaceable/sentimental items | 1.53 | 585 | 1.85 | 484 |
|---|
Strains between family | 1.02 | 570 | 1.29 | 449 |
|---|
Loss of community spirit | 0.97 | 552 | 1.17 | 457 |
|---|
Deterioration to mental health | 0.94 | 560 | 1.21 | 438 |
|---|
Deterioration to physical health | 0.82 | 579 | 1.06 | 450 |
|---|
Loss or distress to pets | 0.71 | 564 | 1.45 | 278 |
|---|
AVERAGE SCORE | 1.29 | | 1.57 | |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
** 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 25 Flood impacts, by whether received warning (mean score*)
Impact | Received warning? |
|---|
Yes
min n=214 | No
min n=309 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.11 | 1.13 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.79 | 1.83 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.29 | 1.29 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 26 Flood impacts, by whether has contents insurance (mean score*)
Impact | Has contents insurance? |
|---|
Yes
min n=460 | No
min n=46 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.15 | 1.01 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.87 | 1.55 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.31 | 1.33 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 27 Flood impacts, by whether household has someone aged over 70 (mean score*)
Impact | Household member aged over 70? |
|---|
Yes
min n=108 | No
min n=415 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 0.94 | 1.17 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.76 | 1.82 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.23 | 1.31 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 28 Flood impacts, by income (mean score*)
Impact | Income |
|---|
Under £20,000 pa
min n=151 | Over £20,000 pa
min n=133 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.08 | 1.08 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.77 | 1.72 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.30 | 1.12 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 29 Flood impacts, by occupational group (mean score*)
Impact | Occupational group |
|---|
Professional, managerial and associated occupations
min n=162 | Skilled occupations
min n=128 | Semi-skilled and unskilled
min n=91 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.19 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.79 | 1.88 | 1.82 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.16 | 1.31 | 1.37 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 30 Flood impacts, by number of times flooded (mean score*)
Impact | Number of times flooded |
|---|
Once
min n=374 | Twice
min n=120 | Three times+
min n=28 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.05 | 1.34 | 1.21 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.74 | 2.06 | 1.72 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.20 | 1.55 | 1.53 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 31 Flood impacts, by type of flood (mean score*)
Impact | Type of flood |
|---|
Fluvial
min n=463 | Pluvial
min n=56 | Coastal
min n=10 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.12 | 1.18 | 1.01 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.80 | 1.85 | 1.70 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.27 | 1.53 | 1.06 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 32 Flood impacts, by depth of flood (mean score*)
Impact | Depth of flood |
|---|
Under 2.5cm
min n=31 | 2.5-30cm
min n=164 | Over 30cm
min n=303 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 0.88 | 0.90 | 1.31 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.38 | 1.58 | 2.05 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 0.93 | 1.06 | 1.50 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 33 Flood impacts, by housing tenure (mean score*)
Impact | Housing tenure |
|---|
Owned with mortgage
min n=192 | Owned outright
min n=208 | Council
min n=66 | Housing association
min n=10 | Private landlord
min n=13 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 1.23 | 1.11 | 0.96 | 0.76 | 0.77 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 1.91 | 1.70 | 1.92 | 1.54 | 1.49 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 1.32 | 1.17 | 1.61 | 1.26 | 0.96 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 34 Flood impacts, by location (mean score*)
Impact | Location |
|---|
Brechin
min n=15 | Edin-burgh
min n=131 | Elgin
min n=125 | Forres
min n=89 | Glasgow-Shettleston
min n=49 | Hawick
min n=36 | Perth
min n=61 | Scattered rural & coastal
min n=19 |
|---|
Tangible: |
|---|
Average score | 0.74 | 1.02 | 1.32 | 1.03 | 1.25 | 0.81 | 1.27 | 0.87 |
|---|
Intangible - immediate: |
|---|
Average score | 0.91 | 1.71 | 2.14 | 1.67 | 1.92 | 1.20 | 1.98 | 1.58 |
|---|
Intangible - lasting: |
|---|
Average score | 0.80 | 1.07 | 1.67 | 1.07 | 1.60 | 0.98 | 1.35 | 1.11 |
|---|
* 'N/A' or 'No impact'=0; 'Mild impact'=1; 'Serious impact'=2; 'Extreme impact'=3
Table 35 Impact of flood on sense of community
Since the flood the sense of community has… | Number of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Improved | 106 | 17.1 |
|---|
Remained the same | 366 | 59.0 |
|---|
Deteriorated | 97 | 15.6 |
|---|
Don't know | 51 | 8.2 |
|---|
TOTAL | 620 | 100.0 |
|---|
Table 36 Reasons for moving house or considering moving house
Reason | Number of respondents citing reason | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Reasons unrelated to the flood | 34 | 15.5 |
|---|
House will/would never be the same again | 59 | 26.8 |
|---|
Living in the house brings/brought back negative feelings about the flood | 64 | 29.1 |
|---|
Fear of another flood | 183 | 83.2 |
|---|
Friends/family have moved out of the area | 12 | 5.5 |
|---|
Property has become a poor investment | 97 | 44.1 |
|---|
Other reasons related to the flood | 18 | 8.2 |
|---|
LIVING WITH FLOODS
Perception of risk
Table 37 Perception of flood risk, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Perceived likelihood of being flooded in the next 10 years | Flooded
n=610 | Not flooded
n=575 | TOTAL
n=1,185 |
|---|
Very likely | 30.0 | 11.5 | 21.0 |
|---|
Likely | 33.6 | 29.7 | 31.7 |
|---|
Unlikely | 23.9 | 36.3 | 30.0 |
|---|
Very unlikely | 10.7 | 16.2 | 13.3 |
|---|
Zero or negligible likelihood | 1.8 | 6.3 | 4.0 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 86.532; df=4; p<0.001
Table 38 Perception of flood risk, by location (percent of respondents)
Perceived likelihood of being flooded in the next 10 years | Location |
|---|
Brechin
n=45 | Edin-burgh
n=302 | Elgin
n=233 | Forres
n=256 | Glasgow-
Shettleston
N=106 | Hawick
n=52 | Perth
n=122 | Scattered
rural &
coastal
n=69 |
|---|
Very likely | 20.0 | 10.3 | 55.8 | 10.2 | 23.6 | 26.9 | 4.9 | 11.6 |
|---|
Likely | 24.4 | 33.8 | 32.2 | 37.9 | 36.8 | 40.4 | 18.0 | 13.0 |
|---|
Unlikely | 22.2 | 41.7 | 8.6 | 36.3 | 30.2 | 19.2 | 35.2 | 30.4 |
|---|
Very unlikely | 20.0 | 11.6 | 3.0 | 13.3 | 8.5 | 5.8 | 36.1 | 24.6 |
|---|
Zero or negligible likelihood | 13.3 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 0.9 | 7.7 | 5.7 | 20.3 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 413.123; df=28; p<0.001
Table 39 Knowledge about flood risk, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Self-reported level of knowledge about flood risk | Flooded
n=588 | Not flooded
n=543 | TOTAL
n=1,131 |
|---|
Very well informed | 6.8 | 5.7 | 6.3 |
|---|
Well informed | 25.3 | 27.4 | 26.3 |
|---|
Not very well informed | 41.3 | 40.9 | 41.1 |
|---|
Not at all informed | 26.5 | 26.0 | 26.3 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 1.058; df=3; p>0.01
Table 40 Information sources on flood risk, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Information source | Flooded
n=582 | Not flooded
n=542 | TOTAL
n=1,124 |
|---|
Neighbours, friends or relatives | 40.0 | 36.0 | 38.1 |
|---|
Local radio | 29.7 | 27.3 | 28.6 |
|---|
Local press | 20.6 | 34.3 | 27.2 |
|---|
National media coverage | 29.9 | 26.9 | 28.5 |
|---|
Floodline | 33.2 | 19.4 | 26.5 |
|---|
Local council | 35.6 | 38.0 | 36.7 |
|---|
Other | 14.8 | 10.7 | 12.8 |
|---|
Table 41 Frequency of worry about flooding, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
How often worry about flooding | Flooded
n=624 | Not flooded
n=583 | TOTAL
n=1,207 |
|---|
Most of the time | 22.9 | 4.1 | 13.8 |
|---|
Often | 38.1 | 24.2 | 31.4 |
|---|
Rarely | 32.9 | 54.9 | 43.5 |
|---|
Never | 6.1 | 16.8 | 11.3 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 160.075; df=3; p<0.001
Table 42 Triggers of worry about flooding, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Trigger | Flooded
n=604 | Not flooded
n=552 | TOTAL
n=1,156 |
|---|
Visiting places that remind me of the flood | 6.1 | 2.5 | 11.9 |
|---|
Talking about the flood | 15.4 | 9.6 | 4.4 |
|---|
Reports about flooding in the media | 37.9 | 26.4 | 12.6 |
|---|
Forecasts of heavy rainfall | 62.3 | 34.1 | 32.4 |
|---|
Heavy rainfall | 76.8 | 55.3 | 48.8 |
|---|
Seeing the river in spate and/or rising | 73.5 | 58.0 | 66.5 |
|---|
Other | 6.1 | 4.3 | 66.1 |
|---|
Never worries about flooding | 6.0 | 18.5 | 11.9 |
|---|
Managing flood risk
Table 43 Contents insurance, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Contents insurance | Flooded
n=486 | Not flooded
n=495 | TOTAL
n=981 |
|---|
Yes | 94.7 | 87.1 | 90.8 |
|---|
No | 4.1 | 10.5 | 7.3 |
|---|
Don't know | 1.2 | 2.4 | 1.8 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 17.085; df=2; p<0.001
Table 44 Whether flooding covered by contents insurance, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Flooding covered by contents insurance | Flooded
n=456 | Not flooded
n=435 | TOTAL
n=891 |
|---|
Yes | 84.0 | 59.8 | 72.2 |
|---|
No | 3.9 | 8.3 | 6.1 |
|---|
Don't know | 12.1 | 32.0 | 21.8 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 65.441; df=2; p<0.001
Table 45 Higher flooding excess on contents insurance, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Higher excess for flooding on contents insurance | Flooded
n=438 | Not flooded
n=397 | TOTAL
n=835 |
|---|
Yes | 36.8 | 17.1 | 27.4 |
|---|
No | 33.8 | 32.0 | 32.9 |
|---|
Don't know | 29.5 | 50.9 | 39.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 53.588; df=2; p<0.001
Table 46 Contents insurance at time of flood and at time of survey, by housing tenure
Housing tenure | Per cent with contents insurance at time of flood | Per cent with contents insurance at time of survey |
|---|
Being bought with a mortgage | 95.8
n=214 | 98.2
n=383 |
|---|
Owned outright by household | 94.9
n=236 | 96.9
n=322 |
|---|
Rented from council | 69.0
n=87 | 75.2
n=145 |
|---|
Rented from a housing association or trust | 42.9
n=14 | 65.5
n=29 |
|---|
Rented from a private landlord or employer | 68.8
n=16 | 47.9
n=48 |
|---|
Table 47 Knowledge of 'Pay-with-rent' schemes among council tenants, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Heard of 'Pay-with-rent' | Flooded
n=64 | Not flooded
n=58 | TOTAL
n=122 |
|---|
Yes | 39.1 | 34.5 | 36.9 |
|---|
No | 60.9 | 65.5 | 63.1 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 0.274; df=1; p>0.01
Table 48 Uptake of 'Pay-with-rent' schemes among council tenants, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Has insurance through 'Pay-with-rent' | Flooded
n=51 | Not flooded
n=36 | TOTAL
n=87 |
|---|
Yes | 13.7 | 11.1 | 12.6 |
|---|
No | 78.4 | 75.0 | 77.0 |
|---|
Don't know or N/A | 7.9 | 13.9 | 10.3 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 0.925; df=2; p>0.01
Table 49 Reasons for not having contents insurance
Reason | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Possessions of insufficient value | 12 | 15.8 | 18.8 |
|---|
Insufficiently likely to be required | 9 | 11.8 | 14.1 |
|---|
Could afford to replace items | 4 | 5.3 | 6.3 |
|---|
Could not afford the premium | 30 | 39.5 | 46.9 |
|---|
Could not get contents insurance | 14 | 18.4 | 21.9 |
|---|
Other | 7 | 9.2 | 10.9 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 76 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 64 | | 118.8 |
|---|
Table 50 Flood alleviation measures taken, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Flood alleviation measure | Flooded
n=560 | Not flooded
N=533 | TOTAL
n=1,093 |
|---|
Installed non-return valves on drains | 2.0 | 0.8 | 1.4 |
|---|
Keep ditches and drains around the property clean | 18.0 | 9.0 | 13.6 |
|---|
Built walls around the property | 12.0 | 3.6 | 7.9 |
|---|
Purchased water pumps | 3.2 | 0.2 | 1.7 |
|---|
Purchased removable flood guards or sandbags | 19.3 | 6.6 | 13.1 |
|---|
Received removable flood guards or sandbags from the council | 12.9 | 8.1 | 10.5 |
|---|
Avoid keeping sentimental or irreplaceable items downstairs | 22.5 | 6.2 | 14.5 |
|---|
Avoid having expensive furniture or floor coverings downstairs | 8.4 | 2.8 | 5.7 |
|---|
Replaced plasterboard with plaster | 1.8 | 0.2 | 1.0 |
|---|
Installed concrete floors | 7.0 | 1.3 | 4.2 |
|---|
Replaced carpets with rugs | 5.5 | 2.6 | 4.1 |
|---|
Moved power sockets | 9.3 | 0.9 | 5.2 |
|---|
Moved electrical appliances | 4.3 | 0.9 | 2.7 |
|---|
Other | 10.0 | 6.2 | 8.1 |
|---|
Not taken any flood alleviation measures | 39.3 | 68.9 | 53.7 |
|---|
Table 51 Reasons for not undertaking any flood alleviation measures
Reason | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Did not know about these measures | 123 | 7.6 | 14.4 |
|---|
Could not afford these measures | 121 | 7.5 | 14.1 |
|---|
Have not got round to organising these measures | 44 | 2.7 | 5.1 |
|---|
Adequate flood defences and/or improvements in the local drains have been or will be put in place | 230 | 14.3 | 26.9 |
|---|
Planning to move house soon | 21 | 1.3 | 2.5 |
|---|
Do not think they would be effective | 127 | 7.9 | 14.8 |
|---|
It is the landlord's responsibility | 133 | 8.2 | 15.5 |
|---|
The government or council should provide flood alleviation measures | 313 | 19.4 | 36.6 |
|---|
A flood of such magnitude is unlikely to occur again | 159 | 9.9 | 18.6 |
|---|
Have been unable to procure the necessary equipment | 17 | 1.1 | 2.0 |
|---|
Have been unable to hire the appropriate expertise | 8 | 0.5 | 0.9 |
|---|
Have insurance | 198 | 12.3 | 23.1 |
|---|
Could not reach agreement with neighbours | 5 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
|---|
Other | 114 | 7.1 | 13.3 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 1,613 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 856 | | 188.4 |
|---|
Table 52 Awareness of Floodline, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Heard of Floodline | Flooded
n=597 | Not flooded
n=544 | TOTAL
n=1,141 |
|---|
Yes | 74.2 | 59.4 | 67.1 |
|---|
No | 25.8 | 40.6 | 32.9 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 28.369; df=1; p<0.001
Table 53 Use of Floodline, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Used Floodline | Flooded
n=501 | Not flooded
n=397 | TOTAL
n=898 |
|---|
Yes | 37.5 | 13.1 | 26.7 |
|---|
No | 62.5 | 86.9 | 73.3 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 67.483; df=1; p<0.001
Table 54 Helpfulness of Floodline, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Helpfulness of Floodline | Flooded
n=184 | Not flooded
n=53 | TOTAL
n=237 |
|---|
Very helpful | 25.5 | 17.0 | 23.6 |
|---|
Helpful | 52.2 | 62.3 | 54.4 |
|---|
Unhelpful | 17.4 | 13.2 | 16.5 |
|---|
Very unhelpful | 4.9 | 7.5 | 5.5 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 3.013; df=3; p>0.01
Table 55 Receipt of a formal flood warning, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Received formal flood warning | Flooded
n=590 | Not flooded
n=561 | TOTAL
n=1,151 |
|---|
Yes | 51.0 | 34.4 | 42.9 |
|---|
No | 49.0 | 65.6 | 57.1 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 32.400; df=1; p<0.001
Table 56 Frequency of receipt of formal flood warning, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Number of formal flood warnings received | Flooded
n=241 | Not flooded
n=155 | TOTAL
n=396 |
|---|
One | 52.7 | 51.6 | 52.3 |
|---|
Two | 27.8 | 27.1 | 27.5 |
|---|
Three + | 19.5 | 21.3 | 20.2 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 0.188; df=2; p>0.01
Table 57 Confidence of sufficient warning of a future flood, by whether ever received a warning and whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Level of confidence | Flooded* | Not Flooded** |
|---|
Has received a warning
n=292 | Has never received a warning
n=280 | Has received a warning
n=188 | Has never received a warning
n=348 |
|---|
Very confident | 9.9 | 2.9 | 9.6 | 6.6 |
|---|
Confident | 36.3 | 18.2 | 51.1 | 33.6 |
|---|
Not very confident | 38.4 | 45.0 | 34.6 | 40.2 |
|---|
Not at all confident | 15.4 | 33.9 | 4.8 | 19.5 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
*Chi-squared = 49.637; df=3; p<0.001
**Chi-squared = 30.262; df=3; p<0.001
Table 58 Confidence of knowing what to do in a future flood, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Level of confidence | Flooded
n=585 | Not flooded
n=550 | TOTAL
n=1,135 |
|---|
Very confident | 18.3 | 10.5 | 14.5 |
|---|
Confident | 47.0 | 42.2 | 44.7 |
|---|
Not very confident | 25.1 | 37.1 | 30.9 |
|---|
Not at all confident | 9.6 | 10.2 | 9.9 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 26.401; df=3; p<0.001
Table 59 Preferred means of receiving a flood warning, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Means of receiving flood warning | Flooded
n=573 | Not flooded
n=528 | TOTAL
n=1,101 |
|---|
Neighbour | 23.2 | 20.5 | 21.9 |
|---|
Radio announcement | 32.1 | 35.2 | 33.6 |
|---|
Television announcement | 36.5 | 36.0 | 36.2 |
|---|
Automatic telephone message | 22.0 | 19.7 | 20.9 |
|---|
Telephone 'cascade' system | 14.7 | 12.5 | 13.6 |
|---|
Floodline | 31.4 | 21.4 | 26.6 |
|---|
An official knocking on your door | 59.7 | 57.8 | 58.8 |
|---|
Loud hailer in the street | 38.0 | 32.8 | 35.5 |
|---|
Text message | 13.6 | 16.3 | 14.9 |
|---|
Phone call | 35.1 | 38.1 | 36.5 |
|---|
Observe the river yourself | 46.9 | 37.1 | 42.2 |
|---|
Other | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
|---|
Table 60 Whether received a formal flood warning, by age (per cent of respondents)
Household has a member aged over 70 years? | Received flood warning? |
|---|
Yes
n=262 | No
n=365 |
|---|
Yes | 20.6 | 26.3 |
|---|
No | 79.4 | 73.7 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 2.714; df=1; p>0.01
Table 61 Whether received a formal flood warning, by income group (per cent of respondents)
Income group | Received flood warning? |
|---|
Yes
n=137 | No
n=184 |
|---|
Less than £20,000 per annum | 58.4 | 56.5 |
|---|
More than £20,000 per annum | 41.6 | 43.5 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 0.113; df=1; p>0.01
Table 62 Whether received a formal flood warning, by occupational class (per cent of respondents)
Occupational class | Received flood warning? |
|---|
Yes
n=173 | No
n=251 |
|---|
Professional, managerial and associated occupations | 41.0 | 40.6 |
|---|
Skilled occupations | 34.1 | 33.9 |
|---|
Semi-skilled and unskilled occupations | 24.9 | 25.5 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 0.023; df=2; p>0.01
Table 63 Whether received a formal flood warning, by housing tenure (per cent of respondents)
Housing tenure | Received flood warning? |
|---|
Yes
n=237 | No
n=346 |
|---|
Being bought with a mortgage | 35.9 | 37.9 |
|---|
Owned outright by household | 39.2 | 43.6 |
|---|
Rented from council | 19.0 | 13.0 |
|---|
Rented from a housing association or trust | 1.7 | 2.9 |
|---|
Rented from a private landlord or employer | 3.8 | 2.0 |
|---|
Other | 0.4 | 0.6 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 7.988; df=6; p>0.01
Table 64 Acceptability of flood management policies, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents indicating policy is acceptable)
Flood management policy | Per cent indicating policy is acceptable |
|---|
Flooded
min n=473 | Not flooded
min n=440 | TOTAL
min n=922 |
|---|
Structural flood defences | 92.6 | 89.4 | 91.1 |
|---|
Valves fitted to sewers and/or storm drains | 89.5 | 88.4 | 89.0 |
|---|
Upstream reservoirs | 88.2 | 83.6 | 86.0 |
|---|
Sustainable urban drainage systems | 80.2 | 77.1 | 78.7 |
|---|
Flood warning service | 90.3 | 86.6 | 88.5 |
|---|
Demolition of the most threatened properties and relocation of the occupants | 45.1 | 33.3 | 39.2 |
|---|
Pay farmers and land managers upstream to undertake practices that increase the water-holding capacity of the ground | 76.0 | 67.9 | 72.1 |
|---|
Table 65 Views of where responsibility for flood protection SHOULD lie
Where responsibility for flood protection SHOULD lie | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Yourself | 93 | 5.9 | 8.3 |
|---|
Landlord | 51 | 3.2 | 4.6 |
|---|
Local council | 654 | 41.4 | 58.4 |
|---|
Scottish Executive | 357 | 22.6 | 31.9 |
|---|
SEPA | 211 | 13.4 | 18.9 |
|---|
Scottish Water | 184 | 11.6 | 16.4 |
|---|
Other | 30 | 1.9 | 2.7 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 1,580 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 1,119 | | 141.2 |
|---|
Table 66 Views of where responsibility for flood protection SHOULD lie, by age (per cent of respondents)
Where responsibility for flood protection should lie | Household has member over 70 years? |
|---|
Yes
n=248 | No
n=871 |
|---|
Yourself | 7.7 | 8.5 |
|---|
Landlord | 4.8 | 4.5 |
|---|
Local council | 64.5 | 56.7 |
|---|
Scottish Executive | 26.2 | 33.5 |
|---|
SEPA | 19.4 | 18.7 |
|---|
Scottish Water | 18.5 | 15.8 |
|---|
Other | 4.0 | 2.3 |
|---|
Table 67 Views of where responsibility for flood protection SHOULD lie, by income group (per cent of respondents)
Where responsibility for flood protection should lie | Income group |
|---|
Below £20,000pa
n=349 | Above £20,000pa
n=290 |
|---|
Yourself | 8.9 | 7.9 |
|---|
Landlord | 4.9 | 1.7 |
|---|
Local council | 63.6 | 47.9 |
|---|
Scottish Executive | 29.2 | 38.6 |
|---|
SEPA | 18.9 | 15.2 |
|---|
Scottish Water | 16.9 | 8.6 |
|---|
Other | 1.7 | 4.8 |
|---|
Table 68 Views of where responsibility for flood protection SHOULD lie, by occupational class (per cent of respondents)
Where responsibility for flood protection should lie | Occupational class |
|---|
Professional, managerial and associated prof
n=366 | Skilled occupations
n=262 | Semi-skilled and unskilled occupations
n=193 |
|---|
Yourself | 8.5 | 11.1 | 6.7 |
|---|
Landlord | 1.4 | 4.2 | 5.7 |
|---|
Local council | 53.6 | 61.5 | 61.1 |
|---|
Scottish Executive | 35.0 | 25.2 | 33.7 |
|---|
SEPA | 19.9 | 19.8 | 14.0 |
|---|
Scottish Water | 12.3 | 12.2 | 19.2 |
|---|
Other | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
|---|
Table 69 Views of where responsibility for flood protection SHOULD lie, by housing tenure (per cent of respondents)
Where responsibility for flood protection should lie | Housing tenure |
|---|
Owned with mortgage
n=447 | Owned outright
n=383 | Council
n=153 | Housing association
n=33 | Private landlord
n=51 |
|---|
Yourself | 8.1 | 10.7 | 3.3 | 9.1 | 5.9 |
|---|
Landlord | 0.7 | 0.3 | 13.7 | 33.3 | 19.6 |
|---|
Local council | 53.5 | 58.7 | 71.9 | 60.6 | 54.9 |
|---|
Scottish Executive | 36.5 | 33.7 | 19.0 | 15.2 | 25.5 |
|---|
SEPA | 16.8 | 23.5 | 14.4 | 9.1 | 11.8 |
|---|
Scottish Water | 14.1 | 18.5 | 14.4 | 30.3 | 9.8 |
|---|
Other | 2.0 | 4.2 | 0.7 | 6.1 | 2.0 |
|---|
Table 70 Views of where responsibility for flood protection DOES lie
Where responsibility for flood protection DOES lie | Number of responses | Per cent of responses | Per cent of respondents |
|---|
Yourself | 257 | 18.6 | 22.9 |
|---|
Landlord | 29 | 2.1 | 2.6 |
|---|
Local council | 508 | 36.7 | 45.4 |
|---|
Scottish Executive | 188 | 13.6 | 16.8 |
|---|
SEPA | 119 | 8.6 | 10.6 |
|---|
Scottish Water | 114 | 8.2 | 10.2 |
|---|
Other | 14 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
|---|
Don't know | 154 | 11.1 | 13.8 |
|---|
TOTAL - responses | 1,383 | 100.0 | |
|---|
TOTAL - respondents | 1,120 | | 123.6 |
|---|
Table 71 Willingness to pay extra Council Tax per annum for flood protection, by whether flooded (per cent of respondents)
Extra Council Tax per annum | Flooded
n=558 | Not flooded
n=530 | TOTAL
n=1,088 |
|---|
Not willing to pay any extra | 58.4 | 51.5 | 55.1 |
|---|
Under £20 | 12.2 | 17.4 | 14.7 |
|---|
£20-£49 | 13.4 | 17.4 | 15.3 |
|---|
£50-£99 | 5.7 | 7.2 | 6.4 |
|---|
£100+ | 10.2 | 6.6 | 8.5 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 15.085; df=4; p<0.01
Table 72 Willingness to pay extra Council Tax per annum for flood protection, by income (per cent of respondents)
Extra Council Tax per annum | Income |
|---|
Under £20,000 pa
n=345 | Over £20,000 pa
n=290 |
|---|
Not willing to pay any extra | 55.7 | 37.2 |
|---|
Under £20 | 16.5 | 14.1 |
|---|
£20-£49 | 15.1 | 21.7 |
|---|
£50-£99 | 5.8 | 11.0 |
|---|
£100+ | 7.0 | 15.9 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 32.347; df=4; p<0.01
Table 73. Willingness to pay extra Council Tax per annum for flood protection, by housing tenure (per cent of respondents)
Extra Council Tax per annum | Housing tenure |
|---|
Owned with mortgage
n=443 | Owned outright
n=359 | Council
n=163 | Housing association
n=31 | Private landlord
n=50 |
|---|
Not willing to pay any extra | 47.2 | 57.7 | 65.6 | 64.5 | 58.0 |
|---|
Under £20 | 14.9 | 12.8 | 16.6 | 19.4 | 22.0 |
|---|
£20-£49 | 17.6 | 16.2 | 11.7 | 9.7 | 14.0 |
|---|
£50-£99 | 7.9 | 5.0 | 3.7 | 6.5 | 4.0 |
|---|
£100+ | 12.4 | 8.4 | 2.5 | - | 2.0 |
|---|
TOTAL | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
|---|
Chi-squared = 41.292; df=16; p<0.01
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