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ANNEX 1: DETERMINED TO SUCCEED DELIVERY 2003-2006 BY RECOMMENDATION
Recommendation 1
Every pupil from P1 through to S6 must have an entitlement to enterprise activities on an annual basis and, in addition, pupils in S5 and S6 should have an entitlement to case studies based on local or Scottish businesses.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. There is already much good practice in this area - for example the Schools Enterprise Programme through which primary school pupils experience quality enterprise projects. We agree the case for an expanded programme on these lines, extended to include pupils in secondary schools. This programme will be at the heart of our approach to delivering the step change in enterprise in education.
We plan to work closely with local authorities and the business community. Local authorities should be able to develop their own plans for delivery on the basis of a range of criteria/guidance we shall offer. We shall invite local authorities to work with us to develop proposals - 'Enterprise in Education Plans' - detailing how they will develop and deliver the programme in their area.
We agree that business case studies for pupils in S5 and S6 should be an element of the local authority enterprise in education Plan. We will ask Learning and Teaching Scotland to work with others to develop this resource.
Delivery Achieved
All local authorities ( LAs) have committed to providing annual enterprise activities for all pupils in their area. All pupils in S5 and S6 have access to entrepreneurial case studies based on local or Scottish Business.
Recommendation 2
All pupils over the age of 14 must have an opportunity for work-based vocational learning linked to accompanying relevant qualifications. This will require a major commitment from Scotland's employers, working closely with local authorities and secondary schools.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. There are excellent models already in existence on which to build and from which to learn. We must ensure that the quality of such work-based learning is high: failure to do so means we risk young people's experiences of learning through work being negative, and turning them off the prospect of work. Local authorities and employers will have to commit time and effort to ensuring that each young person, including those who may need some additional support, derives benefit from his or her placement, and this means we have to place quality at a premium over quantity. So while we recognise the Groups call for this opportunity to be available to all pupils over 14, we must acknowledge that this scale of work-based learning may take some time to achieve. Pending the delivery of suitable numbers of work-based placements, we should continue to take advantage of vocational opportunities available. We shall expect local authorities to describe in their Enterprise in Education Plans how they will deliver work-based vocational learning in their area.
Delivery Achieved
Our response to this recommendation made clear that delivering this scale of work-based learning would take time to achieve. Against this background, it is encouraging that 26 LAs now offer vocational learning opportunities linked to relevant qualifications to their pupils. This represents a major advance on the position pre- Determined to Succeed. On qualifications, LAs are working with colleges and other partners to provide a wide variety of vocational qualifications and subjects, primarily Scottish Qualification Authority ( SQA) Access, Intermediate 1 and 2 courses, Scottish vocational Qualification ( SVQ) units and in some cases Scottish Progression Awards ( SPAs). In addition, a number of authorities are piloting the new Skills for Work courses in Construction Crafts, Sport and Recreation, Early Education and Childcare, Financial Services, Practical Experience: Construction and Engineering, Hairdressing and Rural Skills.
Recommendation 3
All local authorities must design and implement a communications strategy for raising awareness and commitment of parents and carers to enterprise in education.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. Parents and carers have a critical role to play in the education and development of their children. They need to understand the aim of, and be enthused by, Enterprise in Education. We hope parents and carers will contribute to the delivery of enterprise in education in schools: this could be through direct, hands on help or by supporting their children at home. A communication strategy will be one element in delivering parent and carer commitment: we will ask local authorities to address this important issue in their Enterprise in Education Plans.
Delivery Achieved
29 LAs already have a full communications strategy in place; the remaining 3 are developing theirs, and will have it completed by early 2007.
Recommendation 4
The Federation of Small Businesses, the Scottish Chambers of Commerce, the Entrepreneurial Exchange, the CBI and other business organisations must each identify at least one individual champion for enterprise in education. These champions and their organisations must work together in partnership, with the Ministerial Strategic Forum (Recommendation 17), to improve the extent and quality of business involvement in enterprise in education at national level.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. Without sustained business commitment, enterprise in education will be ineffective. Scotland's business community has already contributed a great deal to existing enterprise experiences in schools, but we need now to expand upon this firm foundation. We agree that those in the vanguard of the business community need to set an example that will inspire others to follow their lead. Business champions are the right people to convince their peers of the importance of enterprise in education. We shall work with Scotland's business community to seek nominations for, and develop the role of, business champions. Our partnership with the private sector will give us access to the very best in enterprise and entrepreneurial advice; and we shall look to them to engage their peers in the business world on our roll-out of enterprise in education. In light of the role that Trade Unions' learning representatives might have in promoting enterprise in education in the workplace, we will seek STUC participation in the Forum.
Delivery Achieved
'Champions' from each of these organisations have offered their support to the strategy and the enterprise in education agenda. Additionally, organisations including BT Scotland, BP, ScottishPower, Standard Life, Jobcentre Plus and Diageo have been recognised as national partners. These organisations have been making significant contributions to the enterprise in education agenda for a number of years and have had a major impact on a large numbers of pupils.
Recommendation 5
Building on what already exists, the Scottish Executive with partnership funding from the business community, must provide financial resources for appropriate experiential entrepreneurial activities in all primary, secondary and special schools.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. Allowing school children hands on experience of business and enterprise activities - and recognising the value of so doing - is at the heart of what enterprise in education is about. The report has highlighted a number of good examples of what can be achieved by pupils running their own businesses in schools - with the right kind of financial and adviser support. We will ask local authorities to address the provision of such experiences in their Enterprise in Education Plans, setting out the contribution their business partners will make both to matching our pump-priming funding, and to delivery. Any profits from the schools programme should be re-invested for use in subsequent years.
This recommendation calls for business to match the funding set aside by the Executive over the full 3 years of the programme. We are delighted to already have secured a significant contribution from The Hunter Foundation, which we have matched, thus increasing our funding for 2003/2004 to £9m. We shall continue to discuss with the wider business community how such further resource might be secured.
Delivery Achieved
All 32 LAs are providing experiential entrepreneurial activities. Young people are getting the chance to establish and run their own company, developing numerous business and personal skills and getting a real taste of entrepreneurship. The success of much of this activity demands active participation from employers. Over 3,000 businesses are involved in supporting a wide range of entrepreneurial learning including programmes run by Young Enterprise Scotland and Business Dynamics. Our significant partnership with The Hunter Foundation, concluded at the outset of Determined to Succeed, saw both parties commit £2 million for ring-fenced joint activity.
Recommendation 6
The Scottish Executive with partnership funding and support from the business community and others must provide financial resources for the appointment of an Enterprise Development Officer in every school cluster in Scotland to develop and implement plans for enterprise in education.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree that the appointment of Enterprise Development Officers ( EDO's) could be an effective means by which local authorities ensure enterprise in education is driven forward in their area. The financial resource necessary to allow the appointment of an EDO for some 400 secondary school clusters is considerable, and swift recruitment of the right people will prove a challenge. Nevertheless, we are happy to commend an approach that has been successful in the past and have made available substantial resource to contribute to the appointment of EDOs. But we do not want to confine local authorities towards a particular solution and are prepared to discuss with them alternative means by which their infrastructure can be supplemented to ensure that enterprising and entrepreneurial thinking thrives in schools. We expect local authorities to set out how enterprise education will be led at the school level in their Enterprise in Education Plans and what resources they plan to make available to deliver it.
We shall pursue the recommendation for match funding from business in the discussions to which we refer in the response to the previous recommendation.
Delivery Achieved
Every LA has appointed at least one Enterprise Development Officer ( EDO); many have a number concentrating on developing certain key sectors, e.g. primary and special needs and secondary schools; or functional responsibilities for integrating enterprise within the curriculum. There is now a dedicated network of some 67 full time equivalent ( FTE) EDOs working on Determined to Succeed across 32 LAs.
Recommendation 7
Strategic partnerships, which take account of existing good practice, must be established between local authorities and Careers Scotland to engage with local businesses and organisations to improve the provision of enterprise in education and to ensure the business community is more fully involved.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree it would be helpful to formalise engagement between local authorities and the business community in a strategic partnership: and we agree that Careers Scotland should feature in any partnerships subsequently developed so as to ensure that its key facilitating role in 'brokering' enterprise in education is reflected.
We will ask:
- local authorities to ensure their Enterprise in Education Plans make clear how the requisite business/ education/wider community links are to be formalised;
- the Enterprise Networks to promote the value of participating in Enterprise in education to the business community through, for example, Local Enterprise Companies and Careers Scotland Local Advisory Boards, and to raise the profile of the enterprise agenda through its LEC community;
- the STUC to consider how it might participate in promoting enterprise in education.
Delivery Achieved
We have worked closely with Careers Scotland nationally to ensure the continued support of their services locally. Many local authorities have set up Determined to Succeed Strategy Groups to support them in their delivery on which Careers Scotland is represented. A number of local authorities described partnerships with other organisations to assist in the local development and direction of Determined to Succeed.
Recommendation 8
There must be a major expansion in the involvement of businesses in our schools. All primary, secondary and special schools must develop partnership agreements with local businesses and other appropriate organisations. A target should be set that within every school cluster there must be no less than five such partnership agreements by 2006. This would represent a target of 2,000 such agreements across Scotland.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree on the need for a significant increase in the involvement of the business community in all our schools. Local authorities, schools and business champions should work together to that end, and should aim for partnership agreements to formalise their engagement. The Review Group's recommendation for a target of 2000 such agreements by 2006 is a challenging one and requires a considerable commitment form the business community. We agree to set this national target, and will ask local authorities to set the establishment of business partnerships as milestones in their Enterprise in Education Plans. As an additional means of securing business involvement, we shall also ask local authorities to involve local economic forums in the development of those plans.
Finally, we shall ask our private sector partners to help wherever possible in encouraging local and national businesses to participate in such partnerships.
Delivery Achieved
We acknowledged at the outset that the target of 2,000 partnerships was a challenging one. But there are now over 7,000 formal and informal partnerships between schools and businesses. All LAs have reported that their school clusters have a minimum of 5 business partnerships. And this figure is likely to understate the current position: some LAs provided details only of their formal partnerships (generally those that are the subject of a written agreement); many partnerships may still be unreported. The pre- Determined to Succeed ( i.e. baseline) data with which to compare is sketchy, but there is little doubt that the current position represents a major advance since 2003.
Recommendation 9
The Scottish Executive in association with business and other partners must sponsor an annual national Awards scheme that recognises and promotes excellence in enterprise in education and builds on current award schemes.
Scottish Executive Response
As the Review Group recognises, there is a number of existing awards recognising excellence in enterprise in education. The Scottish Executive currently sponsors the Scottish Education Awards, now in their second year. These awards were established to promote excellence and celebrate success in Scottish education and are run by the Daily Record, with BT Scotland and CBI Scotland as key partners. But there are other high profile awards (such as the Skene Awards) and national events (such as those run by Young Enterprise Scotland) that promote enterprise in education. It would be desirable to have a single national award and event to promote and celebrate excellence in enterprise in education. We propose to pursue this aim with stakeholders involved in delivering existing events.
Delivery Achieved
The first year of Determined to Succeed was celebrated in the 2004 ' Determined to Succeed National Enterprise in Education Awards'. The following year we successfully incorporated several enterprise in education categories within the annual Scottish Education Awards ( SEAs). Determined to Succeed now sponsors 5 categories in the SEAs, specifically celebrating enterprising activities in schools.
Recommendation 10
Learning and Teaching Scotland must review and improve all existing national guidance and support materials on 'Education for Work' in order to reflect more clearly the importance of enterprise in education, to include enterprise and entrepreneurship.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. The Scottish Executive will commission the necessary work from Learning and Teaching Scotland, including the development of the case studies referred to in Recommendation 1.
Delivery Achieved
LTS has reviewed its guidance and support materials on 'Education for Work' and circulated new literature to all local authorities. 'Excellence through Enterprise' offers guidance on the way forward for enterprise in education within the context of the values, purposes and principles of A Curriculum for Excellence; it highlights the qualities and abilities at work in effective enterprise in education programmes. 'Focusing on Enterprise in Education : A Paper for Professional Reflection' aims to assist schools and teachers in evaluating their current practice for enterprise in education and support them to build on their present achievements.
Individual subject guides for enterprise in education are available for teachers; and entrepreneurial business case studies, aimed at S5 and S6 pupils, together with tips for teachers to encourage class discussion on entrepreneurship, have also been developed. All materials and resources are available on the LTS website.
Recommendation 11
Learning and Teaching Scotland must review and improve exisiting guidance and support materials for work experience.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. The Scottish Executive will again commission the necessary work from Learning and Teaching Scotland.
Delivery Achieved
Learning and Teaching Scotland has developed new resources and work placement logs to support work experience and provide guidance to LAs, schools and businesses ('Work Experience Guidance 2006') - available online.
Recommendation 12
The Scottish Executive must commission research into part-time work undertaken by young people while still at school.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. There is relatively little research on this topic and it is important to understand young people's actual experiences of the world of work in order to maximise the relevance of our programmes on this aspect of education. We will commission such research.
Delivery Achieved
This research was undertaken between September 2003 and April 2006 and published November 2006.
Recommendation 13
Careers Scotland and Learning and Teaching Scotland must work in partnership to develop resources and establish ways of promoting and sharing good practice in enterprise in education.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree that partnership working is essential to deliver the enterprise in education agenda and that the dissemination of good practice is essential to encouraging wider participation in schools. We want to ensure that there is the fullest possible information available to support those who want to do more but are unsure how to approach this agenda. We shall consider the possibility of using electronic media as a tool to enable local authorities and schools to share good practice. Careers Scotland's facilitating role means it is ideally placed, both to spread best practice and to offer guidance. We will also ask HMIE to consider how they can contribute (see also recommendation 20).
Additionally, we shall consider the need for a process, informed by the educational and business communities, that can both assure the quality of the enterprise in education products made available to schools; and prevent duplication of effort as these products are developed.
Delivery Achieved
We have developed a wider approach to the promulgation and sharing of best practice than envisaged by this recommendation, working with Careers Scotland, Learning and Teaching Scotland and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education to ensure sharing of what works, and used their respective networks to disseminate the message; but also running a programme of learning for staff coordinating Determined to Succeed at LA level - for example, quarterly networking events at which practitioners can compare approaches. This approach has also supported the development of the Virtual Work Experience ( VWE) project where Learning and Teaching Scotland has played a crucial role in providing all hosting and streaming for the project, enabling VWE to sit on the GLOW network.
Recommendation 14
The Scottish Qualifications Authority, Learning and Teaching Scotland and business organisations, working in partnership, must review and improve the provision of enterprise in education within the framework of National Qualifications.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. The Scottish Qualifications Authority aims to design, assess and quality-assure qualifications that meet candidate and customer demand and are fit for purpose, being both relevant and credible. We will therefore ask SQA, in co-operation with other organisations such as Learning and Teaching Scotland, to review and, where appropriate, improve provision of enterprise in education within the NQ framework.
Delivery Achieved
SQA has reviewed existing provision of vocational and enterprise activity in schools, including two pilot qualifications - the Scottish Progression Awards ( SPAs) in Building Crafts; and the PC Passport. The findings of this review have been shared with key stakeholders and delivery partners and are informing SQA's qualifications strategy (that it is developing in partnership Learning and Teaching Scotland, Careers Scotland, the Skills for Business Network and the Executive) for addressing enterprise and employability within the National Qualifications ( NQ) framework. SQA's work also informed the development of the new Skills for Work (SfW) courses now in the second year of piloting.
Recommendation 15
Enterprise in education must be included in Initial Teacher Education programmes.
Scottish Executive Response
The current Guidelines for Initial Teacher Education Courses in Scotland includes a range of competencies that student teachers must have acquired during their initial teacher education. These include, among others, the requirement that student teachers must demonstrate knowledge of, and the ability to play a part in, education for enterprise and, when appropriate, vocational education. We shall consider how this guidance might be developed, and how specific training might be made available.
Delivery Achieved
A pilot programme, Scottish Teachers for a New Era ( STNE), funded by the Scottish Executive, the Hunter Foundation and the University of Aberdeen, is investigating and developing a new model for teacher education with support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Academy for Educational Development in Washington DC. STNE is an opportunity to explore how best to prepare teachers to support learners in the 21st century. It explores the balance between existing best practice and innovation to develop a model of teacher education that will better equip teachers to embrace the changing global society. Meanwhile, the University of Strathclyde has continued to develop for us the EinE-related components of its ITE course. We are discussing with the University the prospect of it developing this work for use in other institutions.
Recommendation 16
As part of their continuing professional development ( CPD), all teachers must have the opportunity to participate in training and development in enterprise in education, which must include enterprise experiences at least once every two years.
Scottish Executive Response
Appropriate CPD opportunities that develop teachers' understanding of enterprise, and how to bring that to pupils, should be provided as part of the wide variety of activities that teachers can undertake throughout their careers. We will ask local authorities to consider the development, either by themselves or with other providers, of appropriate enterprise experiences that will meet the range of needs of teachers from different sectors and in different stages of their careers. We will ask local authorities to ensure their Enterprise Development Plans make clear what CPD will be available to teachers.
Development opportunities of this kind might also be usefully made available to Headteachers since they can be such a positive force for delivering enterprise in education in their schools.
Delivery Achieved
The number of teachers trained in enterprise has increased significantly, and a much wider range of CPD courses is available, since Determined to Succeed was launched. 31 authorities say they offer enterprise opportunities to all teachers; and some 22,000 teachers have been trained. LAs run a variety of CPD, varying from experiential entrepreneurial programmes, to courses on leadership, subject-specific enterprising teaching and learning, and the use of ICT to support delivery. Determined to Succeed Division has also been active, arranging quarterly regional events to support EDOs in all aspects of delivery and enabling them to exchange best practice. There are over 100 case studies on the Determined to Succeed, Learning and Teaching Scotland and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education websites, and we have produced 'toolkits' for teachers and EDOs. Finally, the Excellence in Education Through Business Links ( EEBL) programme run on our behalf by Careers Scotland, through which teachers enjoy placements in business, continues to be successful: around 630 teachers, representing every LA, took part in 2005-06, an increase of 20% on the previous year.
Recommendation 17
A Ministerially led Strategic Forum must be established and meet twice yearly to ensure the implementation of all recommendations in this Report, with appropriate target dates.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree on the need for close oversight of the development and delivery of Enterprise in Education. We have agreed a partnership with Schools Enterprise Scotland Ltd. The experience of the Schools Enterprise Scotland board members in ensuring effective delivery of the Schools Enterprise Programme will stand us in good stead as we implement enterprise in education Moreover, we shall through the enthusiasm for and commitment to enterprise in education among our private sector partners be able to reach a wider business community, with the aim of promoting new involvement in enterprise in education.
Delivery Achieved
Our response to this recommendation made clear we would work with Schools Enterprise Scotland Ltd ( SES), to achieve the desired oversight of Determined to Succeed . On the winding-up of SES, we established a similar arrangement with The Smith Group ( TSG).
Recommendation 18
The Scottish Executive must include, within the measures and indicators underpinning the National Priorities for education, appropriate indicators relating to the outcomes of enterprise in education.
Scottish Executive Response
The National Priorities in Education already cover key outcomes relevant to enterprise in education. We have already built scope into the school improvement agenda to capture progress against those outcomes, and in particular to survey employers' and school leavers' views so that we can check what progress is being made on preparing young people for their future careers. We are keen to work with employers and local authorities to make sure that we are using these surveys and other measures of performance to best effect to track progress on enterprise in education.
We will look again at the inclusion of new measures and indicators when the National Priorities are reviewed in 2004.
Delivery Achieved
The National Priorities currently include indicators in relation to enterprise in education. In our previous report, we agreed to review whether these indicators appropriately reflect the evolution through Determined to Succeed . The conclusions of our wider National Priorities Review have moved us away from measurement of performance against the broad remit of the 5 National Priorities themselves, towards a more streamlined assessment of local authority improvement, focused around a core of school and Inspection of Education Authorities ( INEA) inspection evidence. As such, the existing National Priority indicators sit alongside the wider range of measures and indicators used by authorities to monitor the quality of their local improvement planning processes. This is a natural evolution of policy around the National Priorities and demonstrates the maturing of the commitment to improvement locally, the strengthened evidence base of INEA and the commitment to streamline bureaucracy more generally. It ensures that the evolution of enterprise in education through Determined to Succeed is distinctly captured in the rich evidence base flowing from the inspection process.
Recommendation 19
All local authorities in their education improvement plans and schools in their school development plans must make clear how they will implement the recommendations in this report and develop enterprise in education in the context of the National Priorities for education.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. Local authorities annual statements of improvement objectives and schools annual development plans should cover how they plan to deliver the National Priority outcomes for education. These include key outcomes on core skills for pupils, pupils' attitudes and expectations, and encouraging creativity and ambition. Enterprise in education obviously has a key role to play in delivering these outcomes. Schools and authorities will have to set out in their plans the approaches they intend to take to improve education for pupils and report on progress in delivery. And of course fuller detail will appear in the local authority Enterprise in Education Plans that we propose as a means of detailed delivery.
Delivery Achieved
Significant progress has been made in this area: all 32 LAs say Determined to Succeed features in their authority improvement plan and most say it features in all school development plans (for where it doesn't, it will either feature in 2006/07 plans, or is so firmly embedded in the life of the school that its inclusion is considered unnecessary). This may happen increasingly over the next two years.
Recommendation 20
HMIE, working with other key agencies, must produce a set of Quality Indicators for E in E for use in school inspections, taking close account of the National Priorities for Education indicators referred to in recommendation 18.
Scottish Executive Response
We agree. We will approach HMIE to review existing indicators relating to Enterprise in Education and ask that they make any necessary changes to reflect the other recommendations in this report, as a resource for schools' self-evaluation and external audits. We will also ask HMIE to consider how revised indicators might best be disseminated and promoted.
Delivery Achieved
HMIE produced a self-evaluation guide 'How good is our school at enterprise in education?' in October 2004. The seven quality indicators, on which it focuses, with accompanying guiding questions, will help schools focus on the essential features of high quality provision in the specific context of enterprise in education as part of self-evaluation. They will also be a focus for HMIE inspection. The guide and its use have been promoted through regional good practice seminars and the production and dissemination of a staff development resource in the form of a CD.
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