The Nature and Implications of the Part-Time Employment of Secondary School Pupils

Section F Appendices

Appendix One Descriptive Statistics

Table 1: S3 Pupils: Part-time work status by number of Credit level SGs studying

	No Credits	1-3 Credits	4-7 Credits	8-12 Credits
	%	%	%	%
Current job	29	30	28	28
Former job	21	19	19	18
Never worked	50	50	53	55
(n)	(1042)	(1018)	(1505)	(1339)

Table 2: S4 Pupils: Part-time work status by number of Credit level SGs studying

	No Credits	1-3 Credits	4-7 Credits	8-12 Credits
	%	%	%	%
Current job	32	34	34	34
Former job	24	25	22	19
Never worked	44	41	43	47
(n)	(772)	(1216)	(1886)	(1358)

Table 3: S5 Pupils: Part-time work status by number of Credit level SGs gained in S4

	No Credits	1-3 Credits	4-7 Credits	8-12 Credits
	%	%	%	%
Current job	41	41	46	46
Former job	21	23	22	20
Never worked	38	35	33	33
(n)	(108)	(987)	(1494)	(921)

Table 4: S6 Pupils: Part-time work status by number of Credit level SGs gained in S4

	No Credits	1-3 Credits	4-7 Credits	8-12 Credits
	%	%	%	%
Current job	54	61	62	67
Former job	24	19	22	16
Never worked	21	19	16	17
(n)	(131)	(449)	(974)	(656)

Table 5: S3 Pupils' part-time work status by reported level of truancy

S3	Truancy					Total
	never	lesson here & there	day here & there	days at time	wks at time	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%
current job	27	30	25	32	33	29
former job	18	24	21	23	20	19
never worked	55	46	53	45	47	52
(n)	(4035)	(67)	(118)	(895)	(766)	(5881)

Table 6: S4 Pupils' part-time work status by reported level of truancy

S4	Truancy					Total
	never	lesson here & there	day here & there	days at time	wks at time	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%
current job	32	38	37	28	35	34
former job	20	25	26	32	29	23
never worked	48	37	37	40	36	44
(n)	(3544)	(1000)	(1037)	(141)	(94)	(5816)

Table 7: S5 Pupils' part-time work status by reported level of truancy

S5	Truancy					Total
	never	lesson here & there	day here & there	days at time	wks at time	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%
current job	42	46	46	33	36	43
former job	19	23	25	36	29	21
never worked	38	32	29	31	36	35
(n)	(2515)	(875)	(630)	(55)	(14)	(4089)

Table 8: S6 Pupils' part-time work status by reported level of truancy

S6	Truancy					Total
	never	lesson here & there	day here & there	days at time	wks at time	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%
current job	56	67	69	67	67	63
former job	20	20	19	18	11	20
never worked	24	13	12	15	22	18
(n)	(932)	(982)	(356)	(39)	(9)	(2318)

Table 9: Pupils' reasons for working part-time (% answering very much)

	ever worked	current workers	former workers
	%	%	%
To gain experience for a particular course or job I want to do in the future
All	13	14	10
Male	15	17	10
Female	11	12	9
To find out what work is like
All	22	24	18
Male	23	26	18
Female	21	22	18
To try out a specific career
All	8	9	7
Male	10	11	7
Female	7	7	6
To build up a track record to help get a better job in the future
All	19	22	13
Male	19	22	13
Female	19	22	14
To earn money to pay for my social life/ going out
All	74	78	66
Male	73	77	66
Female	75	78	66
To earn money to buy clothes, shoes and toiletries
All	64	69	56
Male	58	63	49
Female	69	72	62
To earn money to buy CDs, music and magazines
All	63	67	57
Male	63	67	56
Female	64	67	59
To earn money to buy alcohol or cigarettes
All	18	19	16
Male	21	23	18
Female	16	17	13
To save money for major purchases eg holiday
All	32	38	20
Male	30	36	19
Female	34	40	22
To earn money to contribute to the family budget or housekeeping at home
All	6	6	5
Male	7	5	5
Female	5	7	4
To meet people/make new friends
All	15	17	10
Male	14	17	9
Female	15	17	11
To gain independence
All	32	36	22
Male	25	29	17
Female	37	42	27
Parents/carers want me to work
All	12	13	10
Male	15	17	11
Female	10	11	10
Most of my friends are working part-time
All	11	13	8
Male	11	13	8
Female	11	13	8
Other
All	12	14	8
Male	13	15	10
Female	11	13	7

Table 10: Ever worked pupils: reasons for working part-time by SG level (% answering very much)

	Number of SGs @ credit
	None	1-3	4-7	8-12
	%	%	%	%
To gain experience for a particular course or job I want to do in the future	23	18	10	9
To find out what work is like	32	30	20	19
To try out a specific career	16	13	7	5
To build up a track record to help get a better job in the future	29	25	19	17
To earn money to pay for my social life/going out	76	82	85	83
To earn money to buy clothes, shoes and toiletries	64	69	74	74
To earn money to buy CDs, music and magazines	60	68	73	74
To earn money to buy alcohol or cigarettes	22	23	21	15
To save money for major purchases eg holiday	35	36	35	35
To earn money to contribute to the family budget or housekeeping at home	12	8	4	3
To meet people/make new friends	23	20	14	12
To gain independence	35	37	33	35
Parents/carers want me to work	20	16	12	10
Most of my friends are working part-time	18	15	11	9
Other	6	5	4	4
(n)	(873)	(1833)	(3079)	(2167)

Table 11: Ever worked pupils: reasons for working part-time by parental social class (% answering very much)

	Prof/ mgrl	intermediate	Working class	unclassified	missing
	%	%	%	%	%
To gain experience for a particular course or job I want to do in the future	12	10	15	15	16
To find out what work is like	21	19	24	22	21
To try out a specific career	8	7	10	11	9
To build up a track record to help get a better job in the future	18	17	21	23	21
To earn money to pay for my social life/going out	74	76	74	69	67
To earn money to buy clothes, shoes and toiletries	65	66	4	59	63
To earn money to buy CDs, music and magazines	65	66	63	56	56
To earn money to buy alcohol or cigarettes	18	18	19	19	19
To save money for major purchases eg holiday	32	32	32	32	30
To earn money to contribute to the family budget or housekeeping at home	4	5	7	9	8
To meet people/make new friends	14	14	16	16	18
To gain independence	31	29	33	33	30
Parents/carers want me to work	11	11	14	14	15
Most of my friends are working part-time	10	11	13	13	13
Other	11	12	12	16
(n)	(4161)	(1733)	(3049)	(563)	(197)

Table 12: Ever worked pupils: reasons for working part-time by school stage (% answering very much)

	School year currently in
	S3	S4	S5	S6
	%	%	%	%
To gain experience for a particular course or job I want to do in the future	15	17	11	10
To find out what work is like	22	27	24	22
To try out a specific career	10	12	7	6
To build up a track record to help get a better job in the future	18	22	23	21
To earn money to pay for my social life/going out	80	82	84	84
To earn money to buy clothes, shoes and toiletries	68	70	74	74
To earn money to buy CDs, music and magazines	70	71	71	70
To earn money to buy alcohol or cigarettes	12	19	22	30
To save money for major purchases eg holiday	30	33	35	47
To earn money to contribute to the family budget or housekeeping at home	7	7	5	5
To meet people/make new friends	14	17	16	18
To gain independence	28	35	37	41
Parents/carers want me to work	15	15	11	13
Most of my friends are working part-time	11	13	11	16
Other	7	4	3	4
(n)	(2231)	(2710)	(2321)	(1670)

Table 13: Ever worked pupils: reasons for working part-time by enterprise score (% answering very much)

	Low	Little	Quite a lot	A lot
	%	%	%	%
To gain experience for a particular course or job I want to do in the future	11	13	13	18
To find out what work is like	18	23	25	30
To try out a specific career	6	9	8	13
To build up a track record to help get a better job in the future	15	20	21	26
To earn money to pay for my social life/going out	79	83	83	83
To earn money to buy clothes, shoes and toiletries	69	71	71	74
To earn money to buy CDs, music and magazines	69	70	70	73
To earn money to buy alcohol or cigarettes	21	21	19	20
To save money for major purchases eg holiday	28	34	38	42
To earn money to contribute to the family budget or housekeeping at home	5	5	8	8
To meet people/make new friends	11	15	16	22
To gain independence	23	32	38	44
Parents/carers want me to work	12	13	14	15
Most of my friends are working part-time	11	12	12	14
Other	4	4	4	6
(n)	(1994)	(2455)	(2092)	(2390)

Table 14: Former workers: most important reason for stopping work

	all	male	female
	%	%	%
Disliked the job	18	16	19
Your hobbies/sport take up all your free time	7	8	5
Would take up too much time	7	8	7
Your parents disapprove	1	1	1
Pay was too low	11	12	9
You've earned enough money for now	3	3	2
You want to concentrate on your school work	14	13	16
Your teachers/school disapproves	-	-	-
Got sacked	3	4	3
Not enough work	7	5	10
Bad employers	2	1	2
Temporary/seasonal	11	9	12
Other	16	20	14

Table 15: Former workers: most important reason for stopping work by stage

	School year currently in
	S3	S4	S5	S6
	%	%	%	%
Disliked the job	19	19	16	16
Your hobbies/sport take up all your free time	8	8	5	3
Would take up too much time	9	7	7	6
Your parents disapprove	2	1	1	1
Pay was too low	11	12	10	8
You've earned enough money for now	4	3	2	2
You want to concentrate on your school work	6	13	23	21
Your teachers/school disapproves	-	-	-	1
Got sacked	3	4	3	2
Not enough work	8	7	8	7
Bad employers	2	1	1	3
Temporary/seasonal	6	9	16	19
Other	22	16	8	11

Table 16: Never worked pupils: if ever applied for part-time job by sex

Have you ever applied for a part-time job?	all	male	female
Have you ever applied for a part-time job?	%	%	%
Yes	23	21	25
(n)	(7061)	(3673)	(3388)

Table 17: Never worked pupils: reasons why never applied*

	all	male	female
	%	%	%
No jobs (incl suitable) available	19	17	22
Hobbies/sport take up all your free time	17	23	11
Concentrate on school work	33	27	38
Couldn't be bothered	10	14	6
Teachers/school disapproved	0	0	0
Parents disapproved	2	1	3
Earned enough money for now	6	5	7
Took up too much time	4	4	5
Other	9	9	9

*multiple response analysis

Table 18: Never worked pupils: reasons why never applied by school stage*

	School year currently in
	S3	S4	S5	S6
	%	%	%	%
No jobs (incl suitable) available	24	20	12	9
Hobbies/sport take up all your free time	19	16	13	16
Concentrate on school work	24	34	49	42
Couldn't be bothered	11	9	9	10
Teachers/school disapproved	0	0	0	0
Parents disapproved	3	1	1	1
Earned enough money for now	7	5	4	12
Took up too much time	5	4	4	4
Other
(n)	(1884)	(1369)	(764)	(182)

*multiple response analysis

Table 19: Never worked pupils: reasons why never applied by SG level*

	None	1-3	4-7	8-12
	%	%	%	%
No jobs (incl suitable) available	31	24	16	16
Hobbies/sport take up all your free time	16	20	17	16
Concentrate on school work	20	27	36	40
Couldn't be bothered	9	11	10	8
Teachers/school disapproved	0	0	0	0
Parents disapproved	3	2	2	2
Earned enough money for now	6	3	7	7
Took up too much time	4	4	5	4
Other	11	9	9	8
(n)	(438)	(703)	(1338)	(1191)

*multiple response analysis

Table 20: Never worked pupils: reasons why never applied by parents' social class*

	Parental social class
	Prof/ mgrl	intermediate	Working class	unclassified	missing
No jobs (incl suitable) available	15	20	26	21	20
Hobbies/sport take up all your free time	18	18	15	13	18
Concentrate on school work	33	32	31	31	29
Couldn't be bothered	9	9	10	8	16
Teachers/school disapproved	0	0	0	0	3
Parents disapproved	2	3	2	3	2
Earned enough money for now	8	6	4	5	4
Took up too much time	5	5	4	6	0
Other	10	8	7	13	9
(n)	(438)	(703)	(1338)	(1191)

*multiple response analysis

Table 21: Never worked pupils: reasons why never applied by location*

	Large urban	Other urban	Rural
	%	%	%
No jobs (incl suitable) available	19	21	25
Hobbies/sport take up all your free time	15	17	18
Concentrate on school work	36	30	27
Couldn't be bothered	10	10	11
Teachers/school disapproved	0	0	0
Parents disapproved	2	2	2
Earned enough money for now	6	6	6
Took up too much time	5	5	3
Other	8	9	8
(n)	(1674)	(1632)	(515)

*multiple response analysis

Table 22: Current workers: type of job

	All	Male	Female
	%	%	%
Newspaper delivery	16	29	6
Other delivery	2	3	0
Babysitting	7	2	11
Care work	1	1	2
Hotel/B&B	6	5	7
Cafe/restaurant	16	11	19
Fast food outlet	6	5	7
Supermarket	6	8	4
Chain store	8	4	10
Other shop	11	8	14
Door-door sales	3	1	5
Hairdresser	2	0	4
Office work	2	2	2
Farming	2	5	1
Manual trades	2	5	0
Cleaner	2	2	2
Other	8	10	6

Table 23: Current workers: type of job by school year

	School year
	S3	S4	S5	S6
	%	%	%	%
Newspaper delivery	32	21	8	1
Other delivery	2	3	1	1
Babysitting	11	8	5	3
Care work	1	1	1	2
Hotel/B&B	5	6	8	6
Cafe/restaurant	10	17	17	18
Fast food outlet	4	5	7	6
Supermarket	1	1	8	15
Chain store	0	1	12	20
Other shop	8	9	14	13
Door-door sales	6	4	2	2
Hairdresser	2	5	2	0
Office work	2	2	2	3
Farming	2	4	2	1
Manual trades	3	3	1	1
Cleaner	4	3	2	1
Other	8	8	8	8
(n)	(1646)	(1925)	(1753)	(1448)

Table 24: Current workers: type of job by Standard Grade level (%)

	Number of SGs @ Credit studied/gained				All
	None	1-3	4-7	8-12	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Delivery	27	18	15	16	17
Babysitting	8	5	7	7	7
Catering	23	28	30	27	28
Retail	18	28	31	29	28
Miscellaneous	23	21	18	21	20
(n)	(647)	(1371)	(2325)	(1685)	(6028)

Table 25: Current workers: type of job by parents social class (%)

	Social class - highest of mother/father					total
	Prof/ mgrl	intermediate	Working class	unclassified	missing	total
Delivery	15	19	19	23	21	18
Babysitting	7	7	6	8	9	7
Catering	29	25	27	26	23	27
Retail	28	31	25	26	26	28
Miscellaneous	22	19	22	17	22	21
(n)	(2926)	(1205)	(2054)	(363)	(165)	(6713)

Table 26: Current workers: type of job by location (%)

	Location			Total
	Large urban	Other urban	Rural	Total
	%	%	%	%
Delivery	24	19	9	18
Babysitting	6	8	4	6
Catering	21	28	39	28
Retail	31	28	23	28
Miscellaneous	19	19	25	20
(n)	(2286)	(2714)	(1463)	(6463)

Table 27: Current workers: hours worked per week

	All	Male	Female
	%	%	%
1-5 hrs	29	33	26
6-10 hrs	35	30	39
11-15 hrs	20	18	22
16 -20 hrs	11	12	10
20+ hrs	6	7	4
(n)	(6478)	(2781)	(3641)

Table 28: Current workers: number of days usually worked per week

	All	Male	Female
	%	%	%
One day	27	23	31
Two days	30	26	33
Three days	18	16	19
Four days	8	7	8
Five days	6	6	5
Six days	7	13	3
Seven days	5	8	2
(n)	(6613)	(2838)	(3713)

Table 29: Current workers' hourly pay rate

Hourly pay rate	All	Male	Female
Hourly pay rate	%	%	%
under £3	22	20	24
£3 - £3.99	30	27	31
£4 - £4.99	20	18	21
£5 - £5.99	12	13	11
£6 - £9.99	9	11	8
£10 - £40	8	11	5
(n)	(6044)	(2586)	(3403)

Table 30: Current workers' hourly pay rate by school stage

Hourly pay rate	School year currently in
	S3	S4	S5	S6
	%	%	%	%
under £3	32	30	17	10
£3 - £3.99	21	28	36	33
£4 - £4.99	10	13	24	33
£5 - £5.99	12	11	11	13
£6 - £9.99	12	8	7	7
£10 - £40	14	10	5	4
(n)	(1394)	(1720)	(1591)	(1338)

Table 31: Current workers' hourly pay rate by parents social class

	Social class - highest of mother/father
	under £3	£3-3.99	£4 - 4.99	£5 - 5.99	£6 - 9.99	£10 - £40
Newspaper delivery	25	15	10	16	16	18
Other delivery	30	15	15	7	15	19
Babysitting	41	24	11	14	6	4
Care work	17	20	30	20	9	6
Hotel/B&B	19	44	22	7	5	3
Cafe/restaurant	18	40	24	9	6	2
Fast food outlet	25	36	24	8	4	2
Supermarket	9	39	33	11	4	4
Chain store	9	34	37	12	5	4
Other shop	28	40	19	7	4	3
Door-door sales	15	18	13	15	14	25
Hairdresser	55	24	8	7	3	3
Office work	12	15	21	27	15	10
Farming	30	22	11	15	11	12
Manual trades	32	17	11	19	9	12
Cleaner	15	20	18	20	12	15
Other	19	21	16	15	15	13
(n)	(1352)	(1784)	(1186)	(725)	(515)	(481)

Table 32: Current workers: employer by school year

	School year currently in				All
	S3	S4	S5	S6	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Parent	14	10	8	4	9
Other family member	11	9	3	2	6
Other	71	78	88	93	82
Your own business	4	3	2	1	2
(n)	(1530)	(1844)	(1711)	(1405)	(6490)

Table 33: Current workers: whether employed by a major employer by school stage

	all	S3	S4	S5	S6
Major employer	31	18	14	35	52
Other employer	69	82	86	65	48
(n)	(4734)	(865)	(1234)	(1372)	(1264)

Table 34: Current workers: how often do the following in their job: by sex

	all	male	female
	%	%	%
Co-operate with others
All/some of the time	81	74	87
Hardly ever/never	17	26	13
Deal directly with customers
All/some of the time	76	67	82
Hardly ever/never	24	33	18
Spend time reading/writing/paperwork
All/some of the time	24	24	25
Hardly ever/never	76	76	76
Equipment eg computers, cash reg
All/some of the time	48	38	55
Hardly ever/never	52	62	45
Work with tools, machinery
All/some of the time	28	39	19
Hardly ever/never	73	62	81
Supervise/train others
All/some of the time	22	20	24
Hardly ever/never	78	81	76

Table 35: Current workers: how often do the following in their job: by stage

	School year				All
	S3	S4	S5	S6	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Co-operate with others
All/some of the time	67	78	89	93	81
Hardly ever/never	33	22	11	8	19
(n)	(1499)	(1833)	(1744)	(1436)	(6512)
Deal directly with customers
All/some of the time	62	69	83	89	76
Hardly ever/never	38	31	17	11	24
(n)	(1497)	(1836)	(1742)	(1436)	(6511)
Spend time reading/writing/paperwork
All/some of the time	23	23	23	30	24
Hardly ever/never	77	77	77	71	76
(n)	(1485)	(1829)	(1741)	(1439)	(6494)
Equipment eg computers, cash reg.
All/some of the time	29	38	57	69	48
Hardly ever/never	71	63	43	32	52
(n)	(1479)	(1828)	(1740)	(1440)	(6487)
Work with tools, machinery
All/some of the time	24	27	29	31	28
Hardly ever/never	76	74	71	69	73
(n)	(1476)	(1827)	(1738)	(1437)	(6478)
Supervise/train others
All/some of the time	17	22	21	30	22
Hardly ever/never	83	78	79	70	78
(n)	(1464)	(1819)	(1733)	(1438)	(6454)

Table 36: Current workers: % responding all or some of the time their job allows them to learn: by sex

My job …	all	male	female
My job …	%	%	%
… allows me to learn lot of new things all/ some of time	62	57	66
… allows me to develop my skills and abilities all/some of time	70	63	75
… allows me to organise my own time at work all/some of time	59	58	60
… is challenging to me all/ some of time	49	47	50
… allows me to make decisions all/some of time	65	62	68
(n)	(6904)	(2775)	(3683)

Table 37: Current workers: % responding all or some of the time their job allows them to learn: by stage

	School year
	S3	S4	S5	S6
	%	%	%	%
… allows me to learn lot of new things all/ some of time	55	60	66	67
… allows me to develop my skills and abilities all/some of time	63	66	73	78
… allows me to organise my own time at work all/some of time	60	58	59	59
… is challenging to me all/ some of time	50	51	47	47
… allows me to make decisions all/some of time	61	64	69	68
(n)	(1502)	(1834)	(1737)	(1442)

Table 38: Current workers: if received any training when they started their part-time job

	All	Male	Female
	%	%	%
Yes	50	46	53
No	50	55	47
(n)	(6620)	(2863)	(3696)

Table 39: Current workers: if received any training when they started their part-time job by school year

	School year currently in				All
	S3	S4	S5	S6	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Yes	33	37	59	75	50
No	67	63	41	25	50
(n)	(1593)	(1893)	(1719)	(1415)	(6620)

Table 40: Current workers: any continuing training?

	All	Male	Female
	%	%	%
Yes	47	47	47
No	53	53	53
(n)	(3239)	(1282)	(1927)

Table 41: Current workers: any continuing training by school year

	School year currently in				All
	S3	S4	S5	S6	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Yes	30	39	48	59	47
No	71	61	52	41	53
(n)	(501)	(682)	(1004)	(1051)	(3238)

Table 42: Current workers: if received any certificate(s) from employer for any training

	All	Male	Female
	%	%	%
Yes	11	13	10
No	89	87	90
(n)	(3233)	(1275)	(1928)

Table 43: Current workers: if received any certificate(s) from employer training by school stage

	School year currently in				All
	S3	S4	S5	S6	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Yes	11	7	9	15	11
No	89	93	91	85	89
Total	(500)	(680)	(1003)	(1051)	(3234)

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The Scottish Government

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The Nature and Implications of the Part-Time Employment of Secondary School Pupils

Appendix One Descriptive Statistics