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1. The other 26 infants did not have signs of NAS and received routine care on the postnatal wards in addition to regular assessment for drug withdrawal.
2. Preterm birth is defined as birth at less than 37 weeks of gestation, is associated with maternal substance misuse. There were 24 preterm infants in the study cohort. No infant in the study born before 30 weeks gestation had signs of NAS.
3. Community phenobarbitol medication was usually sufficient at 5 mg per kg per day; occasionally the dose had to be increased as the infant gained weight. When more than the standard dose was required, drug levels were checked and the diagnosis reviewed. Phenobarbitol was stopped when the Community NAS Score was less than 8, or earlier if carers felt the child's symptoms had settled sufficiently for them to manage without medication. This was regarded as the end point of NAS.
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