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ANNEX D
GLOSSARY
APC | Air Pollution Control abatement plant used
to clean up flue gases e.g. lime scrubbing. |
BAT | Best Available Techniques - the main basis
for determining standards in
IPPC under the
PPC Regulations, and defined
as the most effective and advanced stage in the
development of Activities and their methods of
Operation which indicates the practical
suitability of particular techniques for
providing in principle the basis for
ELVs designed to prevent
and, where that is not practicable, generally
to reduce emissions and the impact on the
environment as a whole |
CEN | Committee European de Normalisation
(European standards committee) |
ELV | Emission Limit Value - the mass,
concentration or level of an emission which may
not be exceeded over a given period. |
Energy from Waste | The recovery of energy value from waste by
burning the waste directly or by burning a fuel
produced from the waste. |
EPA | Environmental Protection Act 1990 |
PPC Regulations | The Pollution Prevention and Control
(Scotland) Regulations 2000
(
SSI 2000 No 323). |
Gasification | Heating organic material in a low-oxygen
atmosphere at temperatures typically of 800 -
1400°C to give off a fuel gas. This technology
was used to produce gas from coal, although it
is relatively new process in its application to
waste treatment. |
Incineration | A combustion treatment process involving
waste. This includes the incineration by
thermal oxidation of wastes, as well as other
processes such as gasification and pyrolysis in
as far as the substances resulting from the
treatment are subsequently incinerated. |
ISO | The International Organisation for
Standardisation.
ISO is a network of the
national standards institutes of 146
countries. |
Pyrolysis | Heating organic material in the absence of
air at temperatures typically of 400 - 800°C.
This produces combustion gases, combustion char
and a mixture of oil and liquid effluents. |
Thermal Oxidation | Heating waste in excess oxygen conditions at
high temperatures. |
Thermal Treatment | A broad generic term covering all
incineration processes. |
Thermal Treatment Plant | Any technical equipment used for the
incineration of waste. |
PCB | Polychlorinated Biphenyls (
PCBs) are a family of
chlorinated organic chemicals.
All
PCBs consist of two benzene
rings linked by a carbon-carbon bond. Chlorine
atoms may be substituted on any or all of the
remaining ten available carbon atoms. |
PAH | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (
PAHs) are a group of over
100 different chemicals that are formed during
the incomplete burning of coal, oil and gas,
garbage, or other organic substances like
tobacco or charbroiled meat.
PAHs are usually found as a
mixture containing two or more of these
compounds, such as soot. |
TOC | Total Organic Carbon (
TOC) means carbon associated
with an organic molecule and would thus exclude
elemental carbon.
LOI is a measure of weight
loss on ignition and would include both
TOC and elemental carbon (it
will also include weight loss due to the
breaking up of inorganic compound e.g.
silicates, carbonates etc). |
LOI | Loss on Ignition - a simple techniques used
to determine the combustible material by
heating the ash residue to high
temperature. |
Small changes in the way we perform everyday tasks can
have huge impacts on Scotland's environment.
Walking short distances rather than using the car, or
being careful not to overfill the kettle are just two
positive steps we can all take.
This butterfly represents the beauty and fragility of
Scotland's environment. The motif will be utilised
extensively by the Scottish Executive and its partners in
their efforts to persuade people they can do a little to
change a lot.
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