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ENHANCING SEXUAL WELLBEING IN SCOTLAND- A SEXUAL HEALTH AND RELATIONSHIPS STRATEGY: ANALYSIS OF NON-WRITTEN CONSULTATION EVIDENCE ON THE DRAFT SEXUAL HEALTH AND RELATIONSHIPS STRATEGY
APPENDIX ONE GLOSSARY AND ABBREVIATIONS
Abstinence Programmes
The Health Development Agency's Teenage Pregnancy Evidence briefing described these as programmes that are either wholly or partly promote an abstinence message. They may be abstinence-only, promoting the message that no sex is the only appropriate behaviour for the participants. Alternatively, they may be abstinence-plus programmes (often called comprehensive programmes) which promote the message that abstinence is the safest form of contraception against pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, and therefore highly encouraged, but they also provide information and advice on access to and use of contraception and sexual health services.
Anonymity of testing
No name or other personal details recorded during testing for STIs, including HIV.
Black
The term black refers to those members of the ethnic minority communities who are differentiated by their skin colour or physical appearance, and may therefore feel some solidarity with one another by reason of past or current experience, but who may have many different cultural traditions and values.
Black and minority ethnic (BME) communities
Refers to those communities that are visibly different from the majority population in Great Britain. However, these communities are very heterogeneous.
C Card scheme
A scheme run by Lothian NHS Board which provides free condoms from nearly 40 different venues or pick-up points around Lothian. The scheme is confidential.
Cultural competence
Cultural competence is defined as a set of values, behaviours, attitudes, and practices within a system, organisation, programme or among individuals and which enables them to work effectively cross culturally. Further, it refers to the ability to honour and respect the beliefs, language, interpersonal styles and behaviours of individual and families receiving services, as well as staff who are providing such services. Striving to achieve cultural competence is a dynamic, ongoing, developmental process that requires a long-term time commitment of time.
Domestic Abuse
Domestic abuse (as gender-based abuse) can be perpetrated by partners or ex-partners and can include physical abuse (assault and physical attack involving a range of behaviour), sexual abuse (acts which degrade and humiliate women and are perpetrated against their will, including rape) and mental and emotional abuse (such as threats, verbal abuse, racial abuse, withholding money and other types of controlling behaviour such as isolation from family and friends).
Ethnicity
Refers to self identification with a group of people who share characteristics such as skin colour, language, religion, place of birth, food and behaviour. However, it is fluid and individuals many perceive their ethnicity differently over time.
Ethnic minority
All subgroups of the population not indigenous to the UK who hold cultural traditions and value derived, at least in part, from their countries of origin.
Female Genital Mutilation
The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines FGM as: all procedures involving total or partial removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons. The procedure is irreversible and the effects last a lifetime.
Gender
Gender is a societal construct. The roles that are expected of women and men result from the way that society is organised. Gender is expressed in the nature of the relationships between the sexes, which result from these roles and assumptions about acceptable behaviours. Gender assumptions are learnt and as such are amenable to change as they have been seen to do between generations, cultures and ethnic and racial groups.
Gender equality
Gender equality means the absence of discrimination on the basis of a person's sex in opportunities, allocation of resources or benefits, and access to services.
GUM clinic
Genitourinary medicine clinics.
Healthy Respect
The national demonstration project,
Healthy Respect, was established as part of the
Towards a Healthier Scotland White Paper 18 implementation. Hosted by Lothian NHS Board, the project is a partnership initiative involving 13 partners bringing together a wide expertise and knowledge of key organisations involved in the provision of sexual health services in Lothian. There are 19 projects working across a range of locations including schools, further education colleges, voluntary organisations and in hospital, primary care and informal youth settings. The three main issues of focus are: teenage pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and self esteem and confidence. Further information is available from the website:
www. healthy-respect.com.
Heterosexism
This terms refers to the assumption of heterosexuality as the norm in sexual relationships.
Holistic
All encompassing. Consideration of the complete person or system and not just some aspects or parts.
Homophobia
The term refers to fear or dislike of lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) people or of LGB feelings within oneself.
LGBT
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender
Mass communications
This term means interacting with the general public via a variety of media
McCabe Report
The formal title to this report is the
Report of the working group on sex education in Scottish schools and it was published on 16th June 2000. The working group was established in February 2000 to review the range of curricular advice and support available to teachers on sex education specifically in the light of the repeal of section 2A of the
Local Government Act 1986. It was agreed that the repeal would not be enacted until the work of the Group had been concluded.
Media
The media refers to the range of magazines, newspapers, advertising, radio and television productions and the internet.
Needs assessment
A systematic process by which information is used to judge the health of a population and decided what services should be provided to meet local needs. The aim is to identify unmet needs that can affect health (e.g. access to services, inadequate housing, untreated disease, etc.) and make recommendations about ways to address these needs.
NHS Health Scotland
On 1 April the Public Health Institute of Scotland (PHIS) and the Health Education Board for Scotland (HEBS) merged to become NHS Health Scotland.
Safer sex
This term is used to specify sexual practices and sexual behaviours that reduce the risk of contracting and transmitting sexually transmitted infections, especially HIV.
Sexual health
Defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2001 as 'A state of physical, emotional, mental and social wellbeing related to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity. Sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence. For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected and fulfilled'.
Sexuality
Sexuality is defined as 'the sexual dimension of an individual' personality'. Sexuality is key not only to sexual health and sexual expression, but also to the individual's overall health and wellbeing. This in turn interrelates with issues relating to gender, sexual orientation, culture, age and given roles within society.
SRE
Sex and Relationships Education in schools.
STIs
Sexually transmitted infections.
Wellbeing
Wellbeing has been described as being about thriving, not just surviving, and being hopeful and healthy. Key aspects of this include safety, security and feeling valued by others and enjoying positive, participative relationships in which your views and values are listened to and respected.
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