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The Children's Hearings System in Scotland 2003
Training Resource Manual 2nd edition
PART TWO
Section 1 Child, Family and Society
No child is born a criminal; no child is born an angel, he's just born.
(Sir Sydney Smith, Professor of Forensic Medicine, Edinburgh University 1928 - 53)
Modern parenthood is too demanding and complex a task to be performed well merely because we have all been children.
(Mia Kellmer Pringle, The Needs of Children, 3 rd edition, 1986)
When we look only at the surface of the child we see only the shadow of the real child. The 'real' child lies unobserved behind the surface features that we can see directly. The real child is a complex network of feelings, thoughts, motivations and psychological processes, none of which can be observed.
(Professor Alan Fogel, Professor of Child Psychiatry, University of Utah)
The level of civilisation attained by any society will be determined by the attention it has paid to the welfare of its children.
(Billy F Andrews, MD, 1968)
To grow up knowing that the adult or adults who care for you have your concerns at the centre of their universe, is to be given the psychological equivalent of a million-pound jackpot. That certainty of being loved and valued is a security blanket which immeasurably increases your chances of a successful adulthood, too. It makes it more likely that you will look at your own future relationships with optimism; that you will expect them to succeed, expect them to be fulfilling.
(Ruth Wishart, Glasgow Herald, March 2003)
CHILDREN LEARN WHAT THEY LIVE
If a child lives with criticism, she learns to condemn.
If a child lives with hostility, he learns to fight.
If a child lives with ridicule, she learns to be shy.
If a child lives with shame, he learns to feel guilt.
If a child lives with tolerance, she learns to be patient.
If a child lives with encouragement, he learns confidence.
If a child lives with praise, she learns to appreciate.
If a child lives with fairness, he learns justice.
If a child lives with security, she learns to have faith.
If a child lives with approval, he learns to like himself.
If a child lives with acceptance and friendship, he or she learns to find love in the world.
Health Education Board for Scotland, redesigned by permission of Parents Anonymous Inc. USA
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Child development
Infancy
Early childhood
Middle childhood
Late childhood
Early adolescence
Late adolescence
3 Children's needs
Love and security
New experiences
Praise and recognition
Responsibility
4 Children's rights
Children's rights and responsibilities
5 Children and families
Families in Scotland in the new millennium
Divorce, separation and new relationships
Lone parents
Family tensions
6 Children and society
Housing
Poverty
The benefits system
Race, religion and culture
7 Children and education
Scottish Curriculum
Class composition
Examinations
Guidance
Pupil profile
Discipline and exclusion
Truancy
Bullying
Contact between schools and hearings
8 Children and disability
Assessment
Learning with care
Behavioural difficulties
9 Offending behaviour
Who are young offenders?
What is the problem?
Causes
What does the system do about it?
Does anything work?
Effective treatment
Restorative justice
10 Drug and alcohol misuse
Drugs
Alcohol
11 Child abuse and child protection
What are we protecting children from?
Categories and possible effects of child abuse and neglect
Coming to terms with own reactions
The child protection system
Investigation or therapy?
Decision-making in child protection cases
12 Permanent placement away from home
Attachment
Contact
13 Summary
14 Further reading
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