Specification for the Reinstatement of Openings in Roads

Appendix A11
Bitumen Binder Equivalence

A11.1 Introduction

In some road types, particular binder grades are not permitted or are not permitted for machine-lay. In general, hand laying is not recommended where the material is likely to be difficult to compact adequately, especially in cold conditions.

A11.2 Base (Roadbase) and Binder Course Materials

Binder grades permitted for base (roadbase) and binder course materials are shown in Table A11.1, provided that the layer thickness is amended to that shown in the table.

Material	Bitumen Stiffness	Combined Base (Roadbase)/Binder Course (mm)					Binder Course Only (mm)
		Road Type					Road Type
		0	1	2	3	4	3	4
20 mm DBC	200 pen	NP	NP	NP	NP	155 H	NP	85 H
	100 pen	410 H	260	210	150	110	60	60
	70 pen	380	215	180	135	105	60	60
	50 pen	360	200	165	120	100	60	60
50/20 HRABC	100 pen	NP	NP	275 H	215 H	155 H	85 H	85 H
	70 pen	NP	NP	245	190	135	75	75
	50 pen	360	260	210	150	110	60	60
Notes to Table A11.1: 1) NP = Not Permitted 2) H = Hand-lay only - not recommended for hot conditions & not permitted for machine-lay

Table A11.1 - Permitted Base (Roadbase)/Binder Course Binder Grades and Layer Thickness

A11.3 Surface Course Materials

Binder grades permitted for surface course materials are shown in Table A11.2. No alteration in the layer thickness is permitted.

Material	Bitumen Stiffness	Road Type
Material	Bitumen Stiffness	0	1	2	3	4
10 mm CGSC	200 pen	NP	NP	NP	H	H
	100 pen	NP	NP	NP
	70 pen	NP	NP	NP
	50 pen	NP	NP	NP
30/14 HRAWC	100 pen	NP	NP	NP	H	H
	70 pen	NP	NP
	50 pen
10 & 14 mm SMA	100 pen	H	H	H	H	H
	70 pen
	50 pen
Notes: 1) NP = Not Permitted 2) H = Hand-lay only - not recommended for hot conditions & not permitted for machine-lay