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Guidelines for farmers in nitrate vulnerable zones
Table E: Standard Nitrogen Excreta Production and Maximum NVZ Stocking Rates
The table on the following page provides information on typical excreta production for a range of livestock types and the maximum permissible stocking rates for the livestock kept on NVZs. The table should be used in conjunction with the following notes:
NOTES:
1. Maiden gilts, assuming all year round accommodation.
2. Sows based on 2.3 lactations, covering 23% of year and dry period 77% of year. Combined output 19.5kg N/sow/year.
3. Replacement pullets, output per 20 week cycle. Where there is more than one cycle per year adjust the output figures proportionately.
4. Broilers, output per 6.6 crops/year, 42 day cycle (76% occupancy).
5. Turkeys, assuming 2.1 or 2.4 crops per year, male and female birds.
6. Lambs, on average, kept for 6 months.
7. 'Occupancy' for growing/fattening cattle variable on farms and should be assessed on individual unit.
Table E: Standard Nitrogen Excreta Production and Maximum NVZ Stocking Rates
Type of Livestock | Age range or average | Body weight(kg) | Occupancy(% of year) | Annual excreta production(m3 or t) | Annual N excretion (kg) | Animal number per ha equivalent to an N loading of: |
170kg/ha N | 250kg/ha N |
Cattle | | | | | | | |
Dairy cow | | 650 | 100 | 23.2 | 116 | 1.5 | 2.2 |
Dairy cow | | 550 | 100 | 19.2 | 96 | 1.8 | 2.6 |
Dairy cow | | 450 | 100 | 15.3 | 76 | 2.2 | 3.3 |
Dairy heifer replacement | > 2 years | 500 | 100 | 11.7 | 58 | 2.9 | 4.3 |
Beef suckler cow | > 2 years | 500 | 100 | 11.7 | 58 | 2.9 | 4.3 |
Grower fattener | > 2 years | 500 | 100 N7 | 11.7 | 58 | 2.9 | 4.3 |
Grower fattener | 12-24 months | 400 | 100 N7 | 9.4 | 47 | 3.6 | 5.3 |
Grower fattener | 6-12 months | 180 | 50 N7 | 2.4 | 12 | 14.0 | 21.0 |
Calf | 0-6 months | 100 | 50 N7 | 1.3 | 7 | 24.0 | 36.0 |
Pigs | | | | | | | |
Maiden gilts N1 | | 90-130 | 100 | 2.6 | 13.0 | 13 | 19 |
1 Sow place including litters N2 | Progeny to 7kg | 130-225 | 100 | 4.0 | 19.5 | 9 | 13 |
Weaners | 3-7.5 weeks | 7-18 | 90 | 0.4 | 3.0 | 57 | 83 |
Growers, dry meal | 7.5-11 weeks | 18-35 | 90 | 0.9 | 6.1 | 28 | 41 |
Light cutter, meal fed | 11-20 weeks | 35-85 | 90 | 1.4 | 9.4 | 18 | 27 |
Baconers, dry meal fed | 11-23 weeks | 35-105 | 90 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 16 | 24 |
Baconers, liquid fed (@4:1) | 11-23 weeks | 35-105 | 90 | 2.4 | 10.5 | 16 | 24 |
Poultry | | | | | | | |
1,000 Laying hens | | 2,200 | 98 | 41.0 | 660 | 260 | 380 |
1,000 Broiler places N4 | 42 days | 2,200 | 76 | 16.5 | 495 | 340 | 510 |
1,000 Broiler breeders | | 3,400 | 77 | 61.0 | 975 | 170 | 260 |
1,000 Replacement pullets N3 | 17 weeks | 1,600 | 38 | 7.8 | 125 | 1,360 | 2,000 |
1,000 Turkeys (male) N5 | 140 days | 13,500 | 80 | 46.4 | 1,390 | 120 | 180 |
1,000 Turkeys (female) N5 | 120 days | 6,500 | 80 | 21.7 | 650 | 260 | 380 |
1,000 Ducks | 50 days | 3,400 | 85 | 90.0 | 900 | 190 | 280 |
Sheep | | | | | | | |
Adult ewes | > 1 year | 65 | 100 | 1.5 | 9.0 | 19 | 28 |
Lambs N6 | 6 months | 35 | 50 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 140 | 210 |
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