Households Below Average Income: Scotland 1994/95-2001/02

Description	Numbers and proportions of children, working-age adults and pensioners who were living below various low income poverty thresholds in 2001/02, and trends since 1994/95
ISBN	N/A
Official Print Publication Date
Website Publication Date	March 13, 2003

HOUSEHOLDS BELOW AVERAGE INCOME (HBAI) ANALYSIS 2001/02 - FIGURES FOR SCOTLAND USING THE RANGE OF LOW INCOME THRESHOLDS, 1994/95 - 2001/02

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Headline Results

Table 1 - Proportion and Number of Individuals in Absolute Low Income Households, below 60% of GB Median Income in 1996/97, Scotland

	Children				Working Age Adults				Pensioners
Year	Before housing Costs		After housing costs		Before housing Costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After Housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	28	310	30	340	18	540*	20	620*	25*	220*	32*	280*
1995/96	29	320	34	380	16	470*	19	570*	27	240*	33	280*
1996/97	30	330	34	380	16	480*	20	600*	25*	210*	29*	250*
1997/98	27	300	30	330	14	440*	17	530*	19	160*	25	220*
1998/99	26	290	29	320	14	440	18	550*	17	150*	23	200*
1999/00	20	220	24	260	13	390*	17	500*	18	160*	21	180*
2000/01	18	190	21	230	14	430*	17	520*	14*	120*	14	130*
2001/02	14	140	16	170	10	310	13	400	10	90	9	80

Table 2 - Proportion and Number of Individuals in Relative Low Income Households, below 60% of GB Median, Scotland

	Children				Working Age Adults				Pensioners
Year	Before housing Costs		After housing costs		Before housing Costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	26	290	28	310	16	500	18	540*	22*	190*	27*	230
1995/96	25	280	32	360	13*	410*	17	530*	23	200*	25	220*
1996/97	30	330	34	380	16	480*	20	600*	25*	210*	29*	250*
1997/98	29	310	31	340	15	460*	18	540*	19	170*	26	220*
1998/99	27	300	31	340	15	460*	19	580*	21	180*	26*	230*
1999/00	24	260	28	310	15	460*	19	570*	22	200*	26	230*
2000/01	25	260	30	320	17	520*	22	660*	20	180*	24	210*
2001/02	25	260	30	320	16	470	19	570	18	160	20	170

Notes:

1. Small changes in estimates from year to year may not be significant in view of data uncertainties.

2. 1996/97 is the baseline against which progress is measured for the Social Justice Annual Report.

3. The relative low income measure compares against the mean or median in the same year. The absolute measure compares against the mean or median in the baseline year of 1996/97, uprated to remove the effects of inflation. Figures up to 2000/01 using both measures were included in the Executive's last Social Justice Annual Report in November 2002.

4. The income used in these 'low income' statistics is that of the whole household in which the person is living, and the income is net income from all sources, including earnings, tax credit, benefits, income from grants, pensions, investments etc..

5. In order to make comparisons of living standards between different household types, income is adjusted to take account of variations in size and composition of the household in a process known as equivalisation. This adjustment reflects the notion that a family of several people requires a higher income than a single person in order for both households to enjoy a comparable standard of living.

6. Due to a minor change in the DWP methodology for deriving working-age adult and pensioner results, there have been minor changes to previous years' data for these groups. Asterisks denote a change from the previously published figures.

Alternative Thresholds

Table A1 : Proportion and number of children living in households below 50% and 60% of the mean income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the 1996/97 GB mean incomes in real terms (Absolute measure)

	Below 50 % of the mean				Below 60 % of the mean
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	28	310	31	340	38	430	39	430
1995/96	29	320	34	380	43	480	45	510
1996/97	30	330	34	380	41	450	43	470
1997/98	28	300	31	340	39	430	41	450
1998/99	26	290	30	320	36	390	37	410
1999/00	20	220	24	260	34	370	35	390
2000/01	18	190	22	240	31	340	34	360
2001/02	14	150	16	170	29	320	32	340

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A2: Proportion and number of children living in households below 50%, 60% and 70% of the median income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the 1996/97 GB median incomes in real terms (Absolute measure)

	Below 50 % of the median				Below 60 % of the median				Below 70 % of the median
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	14	150	19	210	28	310	30	340	36	400	37	410
1995/96	14	160	20	220	29	320	34	380	40	450	43	480
1996/97	15	170	21	230	30	330	34	380	39	430	43	470
1997/98	13	150	20	220	27	300	30	330	38	420	40	440
1998/99	14	150	20	220	26	290	29	320	34	370	36	390
1999/00	9	100	14	150	20	220	24	260	31	330	33	360
2000/01	9	100	11	120	18	190	21	230	30	320	32	350
2001/02	7	80	9	100	14	140	16	170	26	280	29	310

Source: Households Below Average Income: Department for Work and Pensions

Table A3: Proportion and number of children living in households below 50% and 60% of the mean income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the relevant year's GB mean income (Relative measure)

	Below 50 % of the mean				Below 60 % of the mean
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	26	290	28	310	36	400	37	410
1995/96	27	300	32	360	40	450	43	480
1996/97	30	330	34	380	41	450	43	470
1997/98	30	330	32	350	40	440	42	460
1998/99	29	310	32	350	40	430	42	460
1999/00	26	280	30	330	38	420	40	440
2000/01	27	290	32	350	40	430	43	470
2001/02	27	290	32	340	39	410	42	450

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A4 : Proportion and number of children living in households below 50%, 60% and 70% of the median income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the relevant year's GB median income (Relative measure)

	Below 50 % of the median				Below 60 % of the median				Below 70 % of the median
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	12	130	17	180	26	290	28	310	34	380	35	390
1995/96	11	120	17	190	25	280	32	360	37	410	38	430
1996/97	15	170	21	230	30	330	34	380	39	430	43	470
1997/98	14	150	21	230	29	310	31	340	39	420	40	440
1998/99	15	160	24	260	27	300	31	340	36	390	37	410
1999/00	12	130	18	200	24	260	28	310	35	390	38	410
2000/01	12	130	16	180	25	260	30	320	35	380	38	410
2001/02	11	120	16	170	25	260	30	320	36	380	39	420

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A5 Proportion and number of working age people living in households below 50% and 60% of the mean income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the 1996/97 GB mean incomes in real terms (Absolute measure)

	Below 50 % of the mean				Below 60 % of the mean
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	18	550	21*	630	26*	780	27*	810*
1995/96	16	480*	19	570*	25	760*	27*	830*
1996/97	16	490*	20	610*	24	730*	26	790*
1997/98	15	450	17*	530*	23	690*	24	730*
1998/99	14*	440*	18	550*	23	700*	24	740*
1999/00	13	390*	17	510*	22	660*	23*	710*
2000/01	14	430*	17*	530*	21	650*	24	730*
2001/02	10	310	13	400	18	550	20	590

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A6: Proportion and number of working age people living in households below 50%, 60% and 70% of the median income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the 1996/97 GB median incomes in real terms (Absolute measure)

	Below 50 % of the median				Below 60 % of the median				Below 70 % of the median
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	11	320*	13	410	18	540*	20	620*	24	730*	25	770
1995/96	8	240	12	370*	16	470*	19	570*	23	700*	25	770*
1996/97	8*	260*	13	390*	16	480*	20	600*	23	690*	25	760*
1997/98	8	240	12	360	14	440*	17	530*	21*	650*	23	700*
1998/99	8	240*	13	390*	14	440	18	550*	21	650*	23	710*
1999/00	7	200*	11	320*	13	390*	17	500*	20*	610*	22	670*
2000/01	8	240*	12	360*	14	430*	17	520*	20	600*	23	700*
2001/02	6	180	8	250	10	310	13	400	16	490	18	550

Source: Households Below Average Income: Department for Work and Pensions

Table A7: Proportion and number of working age people living in households below 50% and 60% of the mean income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the relevant year's GB mean income (Relative measure)

	Below 50 % of the mean				Below 60 % of the mean
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	16	500*	18	550*	24	720*	25	760
1995/96	14	430*	18	540*	23	700*	25	770*
1996/97	16	490*	20	610*	24	730*	26	790*
1997/98	16	480	18	560*	24	720*	25	760*
1998/99	17	510*	20	620*	25	770*	28	850*
1999/00	16	490*	20	610*	26	790*	28	830*
2000/01	19	570*	23	700*	27*	830*	31	940*
2001/02	17	510	20	600	26	770	27	810

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A8: Proportion and number of working age people living in households below 50%, 60% and 70% of the median income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the relevant year's GB median income (Relative measure)

	Below 50 % of the median				Below 60 % of the median				Below 70 % of the median
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing Costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	10	300	12	370*	16	500	18	540*	22	670*	23	710*
1995/96	7	200	10	320	13*	410*	17	530*	21	640*	22*	680*
1996/97	8*	260*	13	390*	16	480*	20	600*	23	690*	25	760*
1997/98	8	250	12	370*	15	460*	18	540*	22	670*	23	710*
1998/99	9	270*	14	430*	15	460*	19	580*	23	700*	24	740*
1999/00	8	250*	12*	380*	15	460*	19	570*	23	700*	25	760*
2000/01	10	310*	15	460*	17	520*	22	660*	25	740*	28	840*
2001/02	9	260	13	400	16	470	19	570	23	680	25	760

Source: Households Below Average Income: Department for Work and Pensions

Table A9: Proportion and number of pensioners living in households below 50% and 60% of the mean income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the 1996/97 GB mean incomes in real terms (Absolute measure)

	Below 50 % of the mean				Below 60 % of the mean
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	25*	220	32*	280	46*	410*	47*	410*
1995/96	28	240*	33	280*	46*	400*	47	410*
1996/97	25*	220*	30*	250*	45*	380*	46*	390*
1997/98	19	160	25	220*	36	310*	39*	340*
1998/99	18	160*	23*	200	37*	330*	38*	340*
1999/00	19	170*	21	190*	34	300*	37	330*
2000/01	14	120*	15*	130*	29	250*	29	260*
2001/02	10	90	9	80	23	200	23	200

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A10: Proportion and number of pensioners living in households below 50%, 60% and 70% of the median income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the 1996/97 GB median incomes in real terms (Absolute measure)

Below 50 % of the median

Below 60 % of the median

Below 70 % of the median

Year

Before housing

costs

After

housing

costs

Before housing

costs

After

housing

costs

Before housing

costs

After

housing

costs

No. ('000s)

1994/95

100*

12*

110*

25*

220*

32*

280*

42*

370*

45*

400*

1995/96

100

12*

100*

240*

280*

44*

380*

1996/97

11*

90*

11*

90*

25*

210*

29*

250*

42*

360*

370*

1997/98

10*

160*

220*

280*

320*

1998/99

70*

150*

200*

34*

300*

35*

310*

1999/00

90*

10*

90*

160*

180*

31*

270*

34*

300*

2000/01

50*

14*

120*

130*

220*

27*

240*

2001/02

170

160

Source: Households Below Average Income: Department for Work and Pensions

Table A11: Proportion and number of pensioners living in households below 50% and 60% of the mean income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the relevant year's GB mean income (Relative measure)

	Below 50 % of the mean				Below 60 % of the mean
Year	Before housing costs		After housing costs		Before housing costs		After housing Costs
	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)	%	No. ('000s)
1994/95	22*	190*	28*	240	42*	370*	45*	390
1995/96	23	200*	28	240*	44*	380*	43*	370*
1996/97	25*	220*	30*	250*	45*	380*	46*	390*
1997/98	20	170*	28	240*	39	340*	41	360*
1998/99	24	210*	28*	250*	42*	370*	42*	370*
1999/00	24	210*	30	260*	41	360*	41	360*
2000/01	23	200*	27*	240*	40	350*	39	340*
2001/02	20	180	24	210	38	340	38	340

Source: Households Below Average Income : Department for Work and Pensions

Table A12: Proportion and number of pensioners living in households below 50%, 60% and 70% of the median income thresholds in Scotland over the period 1994/95 to 2001/02 relative to the relevant year's GB median income (Relative measure)

Below 50 % of the median

Below 60 % of the median

Below 70 % of the median

Year

Before housing

costs

After

housing

costs

Before housing

costs

After

housing

costs

Before housing

Costs

After

housing

costs

No. ('000s)

1994/95

22*

190*

27*

230

38*

340*

43*

380*

1995/96

90*

200*

220*

350*

40*

350*

1996/97

11*

90*

11*

90*

25*

210*

29*

250*

42*

360*

370*

1997/98

90*

170*

220*

290*

320*

1998/99

80*

90*

180*

26*

230*

37*

320*

38*

340*

1999/00

12*

100*

120*

200*

230*

330*

340*

2000/01

70*

11*

90*

180*

210*

300*

35*

310*

2001/02

160

170

290

310

Source: Households Below Average Income: Department for Work and Pensions

The Scottish Government

Statistics

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Households Below Average Income: Scotland 1994/95-2001/02