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AAP (2003) MAS MP.doc

DescriptionArable Area Payments Scheme - Multi-annual Set-Aside: How to prepare a Management Plan
ISBNN/A
Official Print Publication Date
Website Publication DateDecember 18, 2002

Arable

Area

Payments

Scheme

Multi-annual Set-aside:

How to prepare a

Management plan

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

Para

Introduction 1

What is a management plan? 2-4

What has to be included in my management plan? 5-6

Independent endorsement of management plans 7

Approval of management plans by the Department's local Area Offices 8-11

When must management plans be submitted 12-13

How much flexibility do I have? 14

Protection of other environmental objectives 15

Possible management plan options 16

Monitoring of management plans 17-18

Annex 1: Details of the extent to which plans may vary the standard management rules

Annex 2: Examples of possible management plan options

Annex 3: List of organisations who may be able to help you to prepare and/or endorse your management plan

Annex 4: Example application

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

Introduction

  1. This leaflet is for farmers who want to enter their land into Multi-annual Set-aside (MAS), or who already have land in MAS, and want to maintain that land in accordance with a management plan rather than the standard set-aside management conditions set out in the Arable Area Payments Scheme (AAPS) Explanatory Booklet. This leaflet explains how to prepare a management plan, who you need to consult and how to get your plan approved by your local Area Office.
  2. What is a management plan?

  3. A management plan is a document, which describes how land will be managed and maintained by you throughout the period, or remaining period, of your MAS agreement. You should apply to have your management plan approved by using form IACS 23(2003).
  4. A management plan is for farmers who, for specific environmental reasons, want to manage land that they have entered into MAS in a way which is different from the normal requirements. Your plan must record and justify management practices which depart from the standard conditions set out in the AAPS Explanatory Booklet but which may be acceptable because they will produce an environmental gain.
  5. Possible MAS management plan features might include:
  • Cultivated areas for ground nesting birds
  • Limited cultivation for rare or scarce arable plants
  • Wildlife seed mixture/insect pollen/nectar mix.

What has to be included in my management plan?

  1. Your plan must include the following information:
  • a brief description of your plan and its environmental objectives and the expected benefits, eg, in terms of biodiversity gain and/or landscape and/or archaeological/historical site protection.

You should be quite specific, in the case of biodiversity objectives, about the target species and habitats involved (Section 2 of the application form);

  • a clear description, accompanied by a sketch plan (if necessary), of the MAS land to which the plan relates. The description must include the field numbers to be covered by the plan, the cropping history over the previous three years, a description of the soil type and a description of the existing environmental importance (if any) of the particular field or those adjacent to it (Section 3);
  • a detailed description of the management practices that will be applied (Section 4). In each case, if this is not already covered by Section 2, an explanation of why you want to employ a particular management practice and what environmental (in particular biodiversity, landscape and archaeological/historical site protection) benefit you are aiming to achieve. The biodiversity objectives, including the target species and/or habitat, need to be clearly stated.
  1. Your plan is most likely to be agreed where you can demonstrate how it complements the environmental management of the whole holding. In some cases, it may help if you provide some 'whole farm' environmental information in order to put your proposals into perspective.
  2. Independent endorsement of management plans

  3. Before we will consider your management plan, it will need to be recommended to your local Area Office by an organisation with appropriate environmental expertise and recognised as able to give environmental advice. Details of some of the organisations able to offer environmental advice are given in Annex 3. This is not an exhaustive list and we will accept plans endorsed by other appropriately qualified and/or experienced organisations or individuals. Where this may have a direct impact on your plan, you are encouraged to provide details of the organisation's comments, such as reports on your plan and correspondence detailing advice to you.

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

Local Area Office approval of management plans

8. Before you may start managing your set-aside land under a management plan that you have drawn up, you must first obtain written approval from your local Area Office.

9. For a management plan to be approved the primary purpose of the plan must be the achievement of an environmental benefit or benefits. Your local Area Office will not approve a management plan where it considers the primary benefit to be, for example, the improvement of weed control or soil fertility, or lucrative use.

10. Your local Area Office will only approve plans if it is satisfied that the management practices are justified on environmental grounds.

11. In giving approval, your local Area Office will take advice from its own advisers on the environmental justification for accepting the management plan.

When must management plans be submitted?

12. There is no deadline. Provided a plan will run for at least one year, it may be submitted at any time before or during the period the land in question is in a MAS agreement. The only constraint is that plans must be approved by your local Area Office before they can be applied to the land in question. The approval process is likely to take approximately ten weeks.

13. Thus, if you want to have your plan approved before entering the land into MAS, and it requires the establishment of a non-standard cover by the beginning of the set-aside period on 15 January, you are advised to submit it to your local Area Office no later than the end of the preceding May. In such a case, your local Area Office would aim to provide you with a decision by the end of June to allow the timely establishment of the cover.

How much flexibility do I have?

14. EU and national legislation impose some requirements which may not be varied under any circumstances, some which are optional

and some which may be varied within certain limits. Further details are at Annex 1.

Protection of other environmental objectives

15. You must also consider any impact the proposals in your management plan might have upon wider conservation issues, including the surrounding landscape, environmental pollution and historic and archaeological features. Proposals must take account of the potential for both positive and negative impact on the environment.

Possible management plan options

16. Examples of possible plan options are at Annex 2.

Monitoring of management plans

17. Details of any proposed monitoring should be recorded in Section 4 of the management plan. You are encouraged to keep a simple record of monitoring information after the plan has been approved.

18. Land in MSA managed under a plan will be subject to the same inspection arrangements as other set-aside land. You must seek prior authorisation from your local Area Office if you think you will be unable to meet the terms of your plan or if you wish to vary it in any way. Failure to do so may result in your local Area Office withdrawing your consent to manage your land under the management plan option, in which case you would be required to revert to compliance with the standard MSA conditions.

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

Extent to which the standard management

rules may be varied.

EU/NATIONAL RULES WHICH CANNOT BE VARIED:

  • The land in question must be eligible for AAPS (see the AAPS Explanatory Booklet for further details).
  • Except in the case of whole fields or land parcels with permanent boundaries, areas set-aside under this option must cover a single area at least 0.3 hectares in size and at least 20 metres wide (0.1 hectares and 10 metres respectively alongside permanent watercourses and lakes).
  • Areas set aside may not be used for agricultural production of any sort including the grazing of animals between 15 January and 31 August (it may be possible to relax this rule in cases where farmers are registered with a recognised organic certification body).
  • Areas set aside may not be used for any lucrative purpose incompatible with the growing of arable crops between 15 January and 31 August.
  • Features on or adjacent to set-aside land (eg, trees, hedges, stone walls, watercourses, ditches, ponds, lakes, traditional buildings and archaeological remains) must not be removed, damaged or destroyed.
  • Land entered into MAS under a management plan may not be used to grow non-food crops (other than biomass crops for energy).

RULES WHICH CAN BE VARIED, SUBJECT TO THERE BEING AN OVERRIDING ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTIFICATION

  • Establishment of green cover: Under the standard set-aside management rules, with certain exceptions, a green cover should normally be established by the start of the set-aside period and is always required to be established by the start of the set-aside period in year 2. Under the management plan option, the establishment date for green cover can be varied or waived altogether, subject to environmental justification.

ANNEX 1

  • Nature of the green cover: The constitution of the green cover may depart from standard management rules. If your plan involves the cultivation of crop species, or involves a mix that is neither unharvestable nor likely to remain as unharvestable, you will be required to demonstrate that no commercial gain will accrue.
  • Cutting of green cover: You may devise a cutting regime that suits your plan. If you do not propose to cut the green cover at all, this must be justified on environmental grounds and your plan must contain proposals to deal with any consequential problems, eg, aggressive weeds. If you propose to cut the green cover within the period 1 April to 31 July (except in year 1) you must demonstrate that this is justified and that any environmental benefit outweighs any detriment (eg, in relation to nesting birds).
  • Cultivation of/or changing the green cover: If you intend to change or cultivate the green cover during the course of the agreement, your plan must give details of this and the reasons. In particular, in the case of cultivation, your plan must demonstrate that the risks of nitrate leaching are outweighed by the environmental benefits.
  • Use of fertiliser/pesticide: This is unlikely to be the norm. However, where proposed, you must provide adequate justification for their application. The plan must include full details of timing, type/product and maximum rate.
  • Use of manure and waste: In many cases, the spreading of manure or waste would have a detrimental environmental effect. Such use would have to be justified before a management plan giving discretion in this area was approved.
  • Liming/addition of mineral supplements: It is extremely unlikely that such applications would be approved, but proposals would be considered.

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

Possible Management Plan Options

1. Limited cultivations for scarce or rare arable plants

OBJECTIVE

  • To provide a habitat in which rare arable weeds and other plants can thrive.

BACKGROUND

  • Some plants, typical of arable land have become very rare. These plants can only survive where ground is cultivated at the right time of the year and may have other special requirements. Many of these plants are attractive and non-competitive and in addition certain invertebrates and farmland birds are likely to benefit from this potential additional food source.

SUITABLE LAND

  • The land should ideally have a long history of arable production (ie, in arable production since 1945) and is likely to be light, sandy or chalky, and well drained. Soil fertility should ideally be low. Land with significant levels of noxious weeds (especially brome, black-grass, wild oats, couch, ragwort, cleavers, docks and thistles is unlikely to be suitable).
  • Floristic records or personal observations should suggest that defined species of arable flora are likely to be found in the soil seed bank.
  • In some circumstances the management plan may only need to apply to a portion of set-aside land.

HOW TO MANAGE THE LAND

  • The land should normally be left to establish a cover by natural regeneration.
  • To encourage germination, you will usually need to till or lightly cultivate the soil (to a maximum depth of 6-7 cm, thus avoiding moisture loss). Cultivation should be in either autumn or early spring depending on your plan's objective. In

ANNEX 2

some circumstances tillage will not be required every year.

  • Cover should not be cut before 1 August, and because certain species will not have set seed until later in the season, the precise cutting date will require careful consideration.
  • Herbicides should not be routinely used. However an exception would occur where target species were being suppressed by other abundant species which could be removed selectively by a specific herbicide, approved under the Control of Pesticides Regulations for that purpose.

2. Cultivated plots for ground nesting birds

OBJECTIVE

  • To encourage/produce a habitat in which ground nesting birds can thrive.

BACKGROUND

  • Set-aside can be managed to encourage ground-nesting birds, such as the lapwing and skylark, along with rarer species such as the stone curlew in certain areas. Management will vary according to whether you want to encourage birds that nest in the vegetation like the skylark, or bare earth like the lapwing and stone curlew.
  • Multi-annual set-aside allows you to encourage birds (eg, stone curlew) to return to the same site year after year.

SUITABLE LAND

  • Generally this option is best suited to light, free draining soils; however, skylarks, grey partridge, lapwing and golden plover are not restricted to these soil types.

HOW TO MANAGE THE LAND

  • You should either sow a light grass cover in the first year or on suitable soils allow a light cover to develop by natural regeneration. A suitable grass mix might include cocksfoot and red fescue.
  • In the spring (no later than 15 March before nesting begins) you should disc or lightly cultivate the cover to a depth of 6-7 cm. If part of the field is being left uncultivated, the cultivated area should be towards the centre of the field.
  • You should keep access to the field to a minimum when the birds are nesting and there are non-flying chicks present, either in the field or on the nest.
  • Further discing or light cultivation may be desirable in the autumn to retain sparse vegetational cover.

3. Wildlife seed mixture/insect pollen/nectar mix

OBJECTIVE

To provide a habitat in which declining insect, bird and mammal populations can thrive.

BACKGROUND

  • This management option can provide sources of pollen, nectar, seed and cover for insects, birds and mammals.
  • With an appropriate mix of natural species, you can produce an open sward, providing flowering plants for foraging insects such as butterflies, moths, hoverflies and bumblebees.

ANNEX 2 (contd)

  • Alternatively you may choose to provide foraging sites for birds such as grey partridges, various finches and corn buntings and cover for brown hare.

SUITABLE LAND

  • Low fertility is desirable. Sandy soils with low clay content are preferable, although heavier land that has been set-aside for several seasons may also be appropriate.
  • Land with a recent history of grassland may provide greater floristic interest and may not need reseeding.

HOW TO MANAGE THE LAND

  • Establish a spring-sown, grass and legume mix sown at 10 kg/ha. This is usually best accomplished by producing a firm, fine tilth in early spring.
  • The seed mix should comprise 20% legumes (red clover, alsike clover, birds-foot-trefoil, hop trefoil, sainfoin and kidney vetch) with non-competitive grasses such as crested dogstail, bents, fescues and Timothy. Scabious and hardheads are also useful additions. Clover should be mainly late-flowering; varieties with long corolla tubes would specifically benefit the long-tongued bumble bee species that have declined most in recent years.
  • Cut regularly (three to six times) in the first year to control weeds, then annually after mid-September, ideally alternating between two or more blocks.

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

ANNEX 3

Environmental/other organisations

List of environmental/other organisations that may be able to advise you in drawing up, and/or who may be willing to endorse your plan.

The British Association for Shooting and Conservation (Scottish Centre)

Trochry

Dunkeld

Tayside

PH8 0DY

Telephone: 01350 723 226

Fax: 01350 723 227

E-mail: scotland@basc.org.uk

Scottish Natural Heritage

12 Hope Terrace

Edinburgh

EH9 2AS

Telephone: 0131-447 4784

Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group

Scottish Operations Manager

The Rural Centre

Ingliston

Midlothian

EH28 8NZ

E-mail: scotland@fwag.org.uk

Website: www.fwag.org.uk

The Game Conservancy Trust

Couston

Newtyle

Perthshire

PH12 8UT

Telephone: 01828 650543

Fax: 01828 650560

E-mail: scottishhq@gct.org.uk

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds

Dunedin House

25 Ravelston Terrace

Edinburgh

EH4 3TP

Telephone: 0131-311 6500

The Scottish Wildlife Trust

Cramond House

Kirk Cramond

Cramond Glebe Road

Edinburgh

EH4 6NS

Telephone: 0131-312 7765

Fax: 0131-312 8705

E-mail: enquiries@scot.org.uk

Please notethat this is not an exhaustive list. You may draw up your management plan on your own or in consultation with others. An organisation or individual not included in the above list may endorse your plan. Individuals should give details of their qualifications and relevant experience.

MULTI-ANNUAL SET-ASIDE

ANNEX 4

Example of a management plan application targeting rare arable weeds and lapwing

Field

Reference

Number

Management Plan Proposals

(Including information about the establishment and type of cover, nature and frequency of any management operations, anticipated benefits and, where appropriate, details of any monitoring).

SO12344194

The following management will let rare arable weeds thrive, particularly lvenus looking-glass and prickly poppy which were common here previously:

1. Bale and remove straw and allow natural regeneration of green cover on a 20m headland

strip following harvest. (Location as shown in a green dotted line on the attached

field map.)

2. Cultivate the strip once every year in early-mid March to a depth of 100mm, using a single-

pass with a set of discs.

3. No significant competitive grass weed development is anticipated. However, if present, it

will be dealt with by a contact, foilar-applied selective material. Injurious weeds are not

anticipated, but if encountered, will be controlled using a weed wiper or by spot treatment

with a hand-held, shrouded hydraulic nozzle. In both scenarios, the material will have

approval for use in the appropriate cover.

SO12342670

The following management will provide nesting and feeding territory for lapwing which are present within this area:

1. Bale and remove straw and establish a low-density cocksfoot/red fescue cover following

harvest. (Location as shown in light green on the attached field map.)

2. Produce zones of bare earth by establishing a 'false seed bed' by cultivating the two light

green areas once every year in early-mid March to a depth of 7.5-1.0 cm using a single-pass

with a set of discs.

3. No significant competitive grass weed development is anticipated. However, if present, it

will be dealt with by a contact, foilar-applied selective material. Injurious weeds are not

anticipated, but if encountered, will be controlled using a weed wiper or by spot treatment

with a hand-held, shrouded boom. In both scenarios, the material will have approval for

use in the appropriate cover.

4. Maintain a mosaic of short and long turf zones on areas remaining in green cover (as

indicated in dark green on the attached plan). Short zones are to be cut by flail mower to

5.0 cm, in early March and again in late August following field survey for any remaining

fledglings. Long turf areas are to be cut once in March in the first season to aid

establishment; subsequently cutting is only envisaged to maintain sward health and to

prevent scrub encroachment. Any cutting will only occur outside of the nesting season.

Injurious weeds will be controlled using a weed wiper or by spot treatment with a hand-

held, shrouded boom.

Page updated: Thursday, March 31, 2005