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Changing Speeding Behaviour in Scotland: An evaluation of the 'Foolsspeed' campaign
Table J: Perceived Behavioural Control, alternative measure: comparison of baseline and follow-up surveys
| Baseline - 2 nd Survey | | Baseline - 3 rd Survey | | Baseline - 4 th Survey
|
Base: All matching between baseline and follow-up surveys
(1= Disagree strongly, 7= Agree strongly) | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
I would find it frustrating to stick to 30 mph
|
3.47
3.53
|
2.22
2.04
|
t= -0.542, df=386
ns
| |
3.50
3.61
|
2.22
2.00
|
t=-0.938, df=366
ns
| |
3.49
3.56
|
2.19
1.95
|
t=-0.452, df=285
ns
|
I would find it easy to stick to 30 mph
|
4.74
4.65
|
1.99
1.95
|
t= 0.902, df=387
ns
| |
4.74
4.51
|
1.99
1.88
|
t=2.081, df=366
p<0.05
| |
4.71
4.51
|
1.96
1.89
|
t=1.629, df=285
ns
|
Table K: Personal norm, habit and identity: comparison of baseline and follow-up surveys
| Baseline - 2 nd Survey | | Baseline - 3 rd Survey | | Baseline - 4 th Survey
|
Base: All matching between baseline and follow-up surveys | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Personal norm (It would be wrong to / I would feel bad about driving at 30mph in this situation)
(1=Disagree strongly, 7=Agree strongly) | 5.44
5.52 | 1.43
1.40 | t=-1.015, df=387
ns | | 5.42
5.43 | 1.45
1.37 | t=-0.194, df=366
ns | | 5.46
5.37 | 1.43
1.40 | t=0.874, df=286
ns |
Habit (In this situation I would drive faster than 30mph out of habit)
(1=Agree strongly, 7=Disagree strongly)
| 3.40
3.24
| 2.16
1.91 | t=1.563, df=384
ns | | 3.41
3.37
| 2.17
1.92 | t=0.318, df=364
ns | | 3.36
3.22 | 2.13
1.87 | t=1.127, df=283
ns |
Identity (I like to think of myself as someone who would drive faster than 30mph in this situation)
(1=Agree strongly, 7=Disagree strongly)
| 2.32
2.30 | 1.63
1.51 | t=0.200, df=386
ns | | 2.34
2.40 | 1.61
1.50 | t=-0.597, df=364
ns | | 2.28
2.28 | 1.58
1.40 | t=0.066, df=285
ns |
Table L: Affective beliefs: comparison of baseline and follow-up surveys
| Baseline - 2 nd Survey | | Baseline - 3 rd Survey | | Baseline - 4 th Survey
|
Base: All matching between baseline and follow-up surveys
(+7 Very likely - +1 Very unlikely) | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences |
Negative affective beliefs
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(i) If I drove down this road at 40mph I would feel that I was driving foolishly
| 4.14
4.28
| 2.02
1.88 | t=-1.374, df=386
ns | | 4.16
4.42
| 2.03
1.79 | t=-2.429, df=366
p<0.05 | | 4.24
4.55 | 2.04
1.80 | t=-2.502, df=285
p<0.05 |
(ii) Driving down this road at 40mph would make me feel that I was inconsiderate as a driver
| 4.07
4.18 | 1.97
1.85 | t=-1.035, df=384
ns | | 3.94
4.24 | 1.95
1.75 | t=-2.844, df=361
p<0.01 | | 4.08
4.43 | 1.94
1.75 | t=-2.839, df=283
p<0.01 |
(iii) Driving down this road at 40mph would make me feel that I might lose control of the vehicle
Positive affective beliefs
| 3.29
3.43 | 2.00
1.92 | t=-1.433, df=386
ns | | 3.27
3.35 | 2.03
1.82 | t=-0.789, df=366
ns | | 3.37
3.49 | 2.02
1.85 | t=-0.907, df=286
ns |
(iv) If I drove down this road at 40mph I would feel confident that I could handle that speed
| 5.10
4.81
| 1.64
1.64 | t=3.431, df=386
p<0.01 | | 5.11
4.97
| 1.64
1.49 | t=1.583, df=366
ns | | 5.10
4.79 | 1.63
1.59 | t=3.123, df=285
p<0.01 |
(v) If I drove down this road at 40mph I would feel confident that I had good enough reactions to drive at that speed
| 4.82
4.64
| 1.74
1.66 | t=2.118, df=386
p<0.05 | | 4.93
4.66
| 1.73
1.60 | t=3.096, df=365
p<0.01 | | 4.86
4.54 | 1.71
1.61 | t=3.134,df=284
p<0.01 |
(vi) Driving down this road at 40mph would give me a feeling of pleasure
| 2.15
2.15
| 1.44
1.34 | t=-0.033, df=383
ns | | 2.13
2.25
| 1.46
1.35 | t=-1.355, df=361
ns | | 2.11
2.22 | 1.46
1.30 | t=-1.139, df=284
ns |
Table M: Outcome evaluations (affective beliefs): comparison of baseline and follow-up surveys
| Baseline - 2 nd Survey | | Baseline - 3 rd Survey | | Baseline - 4 th Survey
|
Base: All matching between baseline and follow-up surveys
NABs (+1 Extremely desirable - +7 Extremely undesirable)
PABs (+7 Extremely desirable - +1 Extremely undesirable) | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences |
Negative affective beliefs
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(i) Feeling that you are driving foolishly
| 6.53
6.58
| 0.92
0.77 | t=-0.884, df=383
ns | | 6.50
6.44
| 0.95
0.95 | t=0.932, df=361
ns | | 6.50
6.49 | 0.98
0.87 | t=0.142, df=281
ns |
(ii) Feeling that you are inconsiderate as a driver
| 6.14
6.13
| 1.22
1.08 | t=0.067, df=384
ns | | 6.07
6.03
| 1.25
1.22 | t=0.526, df=364
ns | | 6.07
6.16 | 1.29
1.09 | t=-0.927, df=285
ns |
(iii) Feeling that you might lose control of the vehicle
Positive affective beliefs
| 6.58
6.63
| 0.92
0.79 | t=-0.862, df=386
ns | | 6.56
6.54
| 0.93
0.89 | t=0.351, df=365
ns | | 6.54
6.67 | 0.94
0.78 | t=-1.845, df=285
ns |
(iv) Feeling confident that you can handle the speed you are driving at
| 6.22
6.11
| 1.06
1.05 | t=1.735, df=386
ns | | 6.08
6.09
| 1.33
1.16 | t=1.682, df=365
ns | | 6.18
6.12 | 1.11
1.10 | t=0.820, df=285
ns |
(v) Feeling confident that you have good enough reactions for the speed you are driving at
| 6.10
6.12 | 1.30
1.19 | t=-0.179, df=386
ns | | 6.22
6.11 | 1.08
1.10 | t=-0.132, df=363
ns | | 6.09
6.01 | 1.28
1.28 | t=0.926, df=284
ns |
(vi) Getting a feeling of pleasure from driving | 4.64
4.74
| 1.75
1.75 | t=-0.927, df=386
ns | | 4.58
4.60
| 1.79
1.77 | t=-0.225, df=365
ns | | 4.51
4.63 | 1.80
1.68 | t=-0.939, df=285
ns |
Table N: Negative affective beliefs and positive affective beliefs: comparison of baseline and follow-up surveys | Baseline - 2 nd Survey | | Baseline - 3 rd Survey | | Baseline - 4 th Survey
|
Base: All matching between baseline and follow-up surveys
NABs (+1 Extremely desirable - +7 Extremely undesirable)
PABs (+7 Extremely desirable - +1 Extremely undesirable) | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences | | Mean | Std Devn
| Paired Differences |
Negative affective beliefs
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(i) Feeling that you are driving foolishly
| 27.24
28.23
| 14.19
13.32 | t=-1.348, df=382, ns | | 27.12
28.49
| 14.18
13.02 | t=-1.807, df=361, ns | | 27.69
29.73 | 14.48
12.97 | t=-2.264, df=280
p<0.05 |
(ii) Feeling that you are inconsiderate as a driver
| 25.01
25.67
| 13.62
13.05 | t=-0.917, df=381,
ns | | 23.87
25.88
| 13.30
12.73 | t=-2.667, df=359, p<0.01 | | 24.85
27.69 | 13.56
12.88 | t=-3.285, df=282
p<0.01 |
(iii) Feeling that you might lose control of the vehicle
| 21.41
22.74
| 13.56
13.25 | t=-1.867, df=385, ns | | 21.21
21.89
| 13.71
12.49 | t=-0.898, df=365, ns | | 21.84
23.43 | 13.70
12.98 | t=-1.776, df=285
ns |
Composite Negative Affective Belief
|
73.45
76.44
|
32.17
31.84
|
t=-1.971, df=378, p<0.05
| |
71.98
75.93
|
32.60
30.50
|
t=-2.415, df=355, p<0.05
| | 74.35
80.47 | 32.31
31.90 | t=-3.118, df=278
p<0.01 |
Positive affective beliefs
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(iv) Feeling confident that you can handle the speed you are driving at
| 31.86
29.48
| 12.32
12.06 | t=3.693, df=385, p<0.001 | | 31.98
30.61
| 12.39
11.43 | t=2.069, df=365, p<0.05 | | 31.71
29.42 | 12.44
11.38 | t=3.123, df=284
p<0.01 |
(v) Feeling confident that you have good enough reactions for the speed you are driving at
| 29.40
28.61 | 12.77
12.47 | t=1.221, df=385, ns | | 30.10
28.71 | 12.89
11.78 | t=2.035, df=362, p<0.05 | | 29.62
27.25 | 12.72
11.47 | t=2.947, df=282
p<0.01 |
(vi) Getting a feeling of pleasure from driving | 10.37
10.32
| 8.67
7.80 | t=0.115, df=382, ns | | 10.09
10.66
| 8.61
8.27 | t=-1.098, df=360, ns | | 9.94
10.21 | 8.81
7.27 | t=-0.483, df=283
ns |
Composite Positive Affective Belief
|
71.53
68.26
|
26.43
25.59
|
t=2.491, df=382, p<0.05
| |
72.05
70.18
|
26.59
24.65
|
t=1.346, df=357, ns
| | 71.04
67.00 | 26.46
23.52 | t=2.685, df=280
p<0.01 |
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